October 29, 2013, Introduced by Senator HUNTER and referred to the Committee on Transportation.
A bill to amend 1949 PA 300, entitled
"Michigan vehicle code,"
by amending sections 224, 225, 226a, 227a, 244, 252a, 255, 328,
625l, 674, 675, 686, 801h, 803a, 803b, 803e, 803f, 803h, 803i,
803j, 803k, 803l, 803n, 803o, 804, 805, 811f, 904c, and 904f (MCL
257.224, 257.225, 257.226a, 257.227a, 257.244, 257.252a, 257.255,
257.328, 257.625l, 257.674, 257.675, 257.686, 257.801h, 257.803a,
257.803b, 257.803e, 257.803f, 257.803h, 257.803i, 257.803j,
257.803k, 257.803l, 257.803n, 257.803o, 257.804, 257.805,
257.811f, 257.904c, and 257.904f), section 224 as amended by 2012
PA 491, section 225 as amended by 1995 PA 129, section 226a as
amended by 2006 PA 516, section 227a as added by 1995 PA 287,
sections 244 and 252a as amended by 2008 PA 539, section 255 as
amended by 2003 PA 9, section 328 as amended by 2004 PA 52,
section 625l as amended by 2008 PA 461, section 674 as amended by
2000 PA 268, section 675 as amended by 2004 PA 151, section 686
as amended by 2006 PA 14, section 801h as added by 1996 PA 551,
section 803a as amended by 1996 PA 404, sections 803b and 804 as
amended by 2011 PA 159, section 803e as amended by 2011 PA 46,
sections 803f and 803h as amended by 1998 PA 68, section 803i as
amended by 2011 PA 74, sections 803j, 803k, 803n, and 803o as
amended by 1999 PA 183, section 803l as amended by 2000 PA 77,
section 805 as amended by 2013 PA 82, section 811f as amended by
2006 PA 562, section 904c as amended by 1999 PA 73, and section
904f as added by 1998 PA 358.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN ENACT:
1 Sec. 224. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this act
2 regarding tabs or stickers, upon registering a vehicle other than
3
a motorcycle, the secretary of state
shall issue to the owner 1 2
4 registration plate.plates.
The secretary of state shall issue to
5 the owner of a motorcycle 1 registration plate.
6 (2) A Each registration plate issued to the owner of a
7 vehicle under subsection (1) shall display the registration
8 number assigned to the vehicle; for which the registration plate
9 is issued; the name of this
state, which may be abbreviated; and
10 when the registration plate expires, which may be shown by a tab
11 or sticker furnished by the secretary of state.
12 (3) A Each registration plate issued for motor vehicles
1 owned and operated by this state; a state institution; a
2 municipality; a privately incorporated, nonprofit volunteer fire
3 department; or a nonpublic, nonprofit college or university of
4 this state shall does
not expire at any particular time but
shall
5 be renewed when the registration plate is plates are worn out or
6 is are illegible. This These registration
plate plates shall be
7 assigned upon proper application and payment of the applicable
8 fee and may be used on any eligible vehicle titled to the
9 applicant if a written record is kept of the vehicles upon which
10 the registration plate is plates are used. The written
record
11 shall state the time the registration plate is plates are used on
12 a particular vehicle. The record shall be open to inspection by a
13 law enforcement officer or a representative of the secretary of
14 state.
15 (4) A Each registration plate issued for a vehicle owned by
16 the civil air patrol as organized under 36 USC 201 40301 to
208;
17 40307; a vehicle owned by a nonprofit organization and used to
18 transport equipment for providing dialysis treatment to children
19 at camp; an emergency support vehicle used exclusively for
20 emergencies and owned and operated by a federally recognized
21 nonprofit charitable organization; a vehicle owned and operated
22 by a nonprofit veterans center; a motor vehicle having a truck
23 chassis and a locomotive or ship's body which that is
owned by a
24 nonprofit veterans organization and used exclusively in parades
25 and civic events; a vehicle owned and operated by a nonprofit
26 recycling center or a federally recognized nonprofit conservation
27 organization until December 31, 2000; a motor vehicle owned and
1 operated by a senior citizen center; and a registration plate
2 plates issued for buses including station wagons, carryalls, or
3 similarly constructed vehicles owned and operated by a nonprofit
4 parents' transportation corporation used for school purposes,
5 parochial school, society, church Sunday school, or other grammar
6 school, or by a nonprofit youth organization or nonprofit
7 rehabilitation facility shall be issued upon proper application
8 and payment of the applicable tax provided in section 801(1)(g)
9 or (h) to the applicant for the vehicle identified in the
10 application. The vehicle shall be used exclusively for activities
11 of the school or organization and shall be designated by proper
12 signs showing the school or organization operating the vehicle.
13 The Each registration plate shall expire expires on
December 31
14 in the fifth year following the date of issuance. The Both
15 registration plate plates
may be transferred to another vehicle
16 upon proper application and payment of a $10.00 transfer fee.
17 (5) The department shall not issue or transfer a standard
18 design beads on paint registration plate or issue a registration
19 tab or sticker for that plate, but shall offer a new standard
20 design registration plate that complies with the requirements of
21 this act. The new standard design registration plate shall be of
22 a common color scheme and design that is made of fully
23 reflectorized material and shall be clearly visible at night. The
24 implementation of this subsection is contingent upon
25 appropriations sufficient to cover the costs to the department of
26 designing, manufacturing, distributing, and issuing the new
27 standard design registration plate. The secretary of state shall
1 file a written report with the secretary of the senate and the
2 clerk of the house of representatives of the costs incurred and
3 revenue expended to meet the requirements of this subsection
4 within 30 days after all of the standard design beads on paint
5 registration plates to be replaced under this subsection have
6 been replaced.
7 (6) The department may use the Pure Michigan brand or a
8 successor or similar brand that is used in conjunction with the
9 state's promotion, travel, and tourism campaigns or marketing
10 efforts as part of the standard design for registration plates.
11 (7) The A registration plate and the required letters and
12 numerals on the registration plate shall be of sufficient size to
13 be plainly readable from a distance of 100 feet during daylight.
14 The secretary of state may issue a tab or tabs designating the
15 month and year of expiration.
16 (8) The secretary of state shall issue for every passenger
17 motor vehicle rented without a driver the same type of
18 registration plate as the type of registration plate issued for
19 private passenger vehicles.
20 (9) A person shall not operate a vehicle on the public
21 highways or streets of this state displaying a registration plate
22
plates other than the registration plate
plates issued for the
23 vehicle by the secretary of state, except as provided in this
24 chapter for nonresidents, and by assignment as provided in
25 subsection (3).
26 (10) The registration plate plates displayed on a
vehicle
27 registered on the basis of elected gross weight shall indicate
1 the elected gross weight for which the vehicle is registered.
2 Sec. 225. (1) A Except
as otherwise provided in this
3
subsection, 1 of the registration plate
plates issued for a
4 vehicle shall be attached to the rear of the vehicle, and 1 of
5 the registration plates shall be attached to the front of the
6
vehicle. Except that a A registration
plate issued for a truck
7 tractor or road tractor shall be attached to the front of that
8 vehicle. A registration plate issued for a motorcycle shall be
9 attached to the rear of the motorcycle.
10 (2) A Each registration plate shall at all times be securely
11 fastened in a horizontal position to the vehicle for which the
12 plate is issued so as to prevent the plate from swinging. The
13 Each plate shall be attached at a height of not less than 12
14 inches from the ground, measured from the bottom of the plate, in
15 a place and position which that is clearly visible. The
Each
16 plate shall be maintained free from foreign materials that
17 obscure or partially obscure the registration information, and in
18 a clearly legible condition.
19 (3) A registration plate or the expiration tab on the
20 registration plate shall be of a different color designated by
21 the secretary of state with a marked contrast between the color
22 of the registration plate and the numerals or letters on the
23 plate. The secretary of state may provide a distinctive
24 registration plate plates
as a replacement replacements for a
25 standard plate. plates.
To honor a special or historical event,
26 the secretary of state may provide a commemorative plate plates
27 as a replacement replacements
for a standard plate.plates.
1 (4) A person shall not attach a name plate, insignia, or
2 advertising device to a motor vehicle registration plate in a
3 manner which that obscures or partially obscures the registration
4 information.
5 (5) A person shall not operate a motor vehicle which that
6 has a name plate, insignia, or advertising device attached to a
7 motor vehicle registration plate in a manner which that obscures
8 or partially obscures the registration information.
9 (6) A person who violates this section is responsible for a
10 civil infraction.
11 Sec. 226a. (1) Temporary registration plates or markers may
12 be issued to licensed dealers in vehicles and to persons engaged
13 in the sale of vessels required to be numbered by part 801 of the
14 natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451,
15 MCL 324.80101 to 324.80199, upon application accompanied by the
16 proper fee, for use by purchasers or lessees of vehicles, for a
17 period not to exceed 15 days pending receipt of regular
18 registration plates from the dealer or person. Only 1 2 temporary
19 plate plates or marker markers may be issued to a
purchaser or
20 lessee of a vehicle, except that for a motorcycle, only 1
21 temporary plate or marker may be issued to a purchaser or lessee
22 of the motorcycle. If a dealer or person requires a purchaser or
23 lessee of a vehicle or purchaser or lessee of a vessel to pay for
24 a temporary plate plates or
marker, markers, the dealer or person
25 shall not charge the purchaser or lessee more than the dealer or
26 person was charged by the secretary of state for the individual
27 plate plates or marker. markers. The secretary of
state shall
1 determine the composition and design of the temporary
2 registration plates or markers.
3 (2) A temporary registration plate or marker shall show in
4 ink the date of issue, a description of the vehicle for which
5 issued, and any other information required by the secretary of
6 state. A dealer or person shall immediately notify the secretary
7 of state of each temporary registration plate or marker issued by
8 the dealer or person, on a form prescribed by the secretary of
9 state. Upon the attachment of the regular plate plates to
a
10 vehicle for which a temporary registration plate plates or
marker
11 has markers have been issued, the temporary plate plates shall
be
12 destroyed.
13 (3) All temporary registration plates or markers shall be
14 serially numbered and upon issuance the number shall be noted on
15 the statement of vehicle sale form or in the case of a boat
16 trailer on a form prescribed by the secretary of state.
17 (4) A dealer or person, upon demand, shall immediately
18 surrender any temporary registration plates or markers in his or
19 her possession if the secretary of state finds, after
20 investigation, that the dealer or person has violated this
21 section, and the dealer or person shall immediately forfeit any
22 right to the temporary registration plates or markers.
23 (5) The secretary of state may issue a registration plate
24 plates upon application and payment of the proper fee to an
25 individual, partnership, corporation, or association who in the
26 ordinary course of business has occasion to legally repossess a
27 vehicle in which a security interest is held. A registration
1 plate Registration
plates issued pursuant to this
subsection
2 shall be used to move and dispose of a vehicle.
3 (6) The secretary of state may issue a registration plate
4 plates upon application and payment of the proper fee to an
5 individual, partnership, corporation, or association who in the
6 ordinary course of business has occasion to legally pick up or
7 deliver a vehicle not required to be titled under this act, to
8 legally pick up or deliver a commercial motor vehicle being
9 driven to a facility to undergo aftermarket modification, or to
10 repair or service a vehicle, or to persons defined as dealers
11 under part 801 of the natural resources and environmental
12 protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.80101 to 324.80199, for the
13 purpose of delivering a vessel or trailer to a customer or to and
14 from a boat show or exposition. A registration plate Registration
15 plates issued under this subsection shall be used to move the
16 vehicle.
17 (7) The secretary of state may issue a registration plate
18 plates upon application and payment of the proper fee to an
19 individual, partnership, corporation, or association who in the
20 ordinary course of business operates an auto auction, and who in
21 the ordinary course of business has occasion to legally pick up a
22 vehicle which that
will be offered for sale at the
auction, or
23 deliver a vehicle which that
has been offered for sale at the
24 auction. The registration plate plates shall be used only to
move
25 vehicles as provided in this subsection. Auto auctions that make
26 application for a registration plate plates under
this subsection
27 shall furnish a surety bond as required by the secretary of
1 state.
2 Sec. 227a. (1) If a court has notified the secretary of
3 state of a vehicle registration number as provided in section
4 328(4) and the owner has not secured proof that the vehicle
5 involved in the violation is currently insured under chapter 31
6 of the insurance code of 1956, Act No. 218 of the Public Acts of
7 1956, being sections 500.3101 to 500.3179 of the Michigan
8 Compiled Laws, 1956
PA 218, MCL 500.3101 to 500.3179, the
9 secretary of state shall not renew, replace, or transfer the
10 registration plate plates
of the vehicle involved in the
11 violation or allow the purchase of a new registration plate
12
plates for the that vehicle
involved in the violation, until the
13 owner or the owner's representative appears at a branch office
14 and does both of the following:
15 (a) Shows a certified statement from an automobile insurer
16 on a standard form prescribed by the commissioner of insurance
17 that the vehicle involved in the violation is currently insured
18 under a prepaid noncancelable policy for a period of not less
19 than 6 months under chapter 31 of Act No. 218 of the Public Acts
20 of 1956.the insurance
code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 to
21 500.3179.
22 (b) Pays a fee of $50.00 in addition to any other fee
23 required by law, of which $25.00 shall be allocated to the
24 secretary of state to defray the costs of administering this
25 section.
26 (2) The secretary of state may cancel the registration of a
27 motor vehicle under either of the following circumstances:
1 (a) The secretary of state receives notice that a court has
2 determined that a vehicle involved in the violation was not
3 insured as required by chapter 31 of Act No. 218 of the Public
4 Acts of 1956, the
insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL
5 500.3101 to 500.3179, at the time of registration.
6 (b) The secretary of state receives notice that a court has
7 determined that the owner or the owner's representative presented
8 a certificate of insurance that was forged, altered, fraudulent,
9 or counterfeit when insurance was required by this act.
10 (3) Before a cancellation occurs under subsection (2), the
11 secretary of state shall give notice and an opportunity to be
12
heard to the person who will be
affected by the cancellation.
13 shall be given notice and an opportunity to be heard.
14 Sec. 244. (1) A manufacturer owning a vehicle of a type
15 otherwise required to be registered under this act may operate or
16 move the vehicle upon a street or highway primarily for the
17 purposes of transporting or testing or in connection with a golf
18 tournament or a public civic event, if the vehicle displays, in
19 the manner prescribed in section 225, 1 2 special
plate plates
20 approved by the secretary of state or, if the vehicle is a
21 motorcycle, 1 special plate approved by the secretary of state.
22 (2) A producer of a vehicle subcomponent system essential to
23 the operation of the vehicle or the safety of an occupant may
24 operate or move a motor vehicle upon a street or highway solely
25 to transport or test the subcomponent system if the motor vehicle
26 displays, in the manner prescribed in section 225, 1 2 special
27 plate plates approved by the secretary of state or, if the motor
1 vehicle is a motorcycle, 1 special registration plate approved by
2
the secretary of state. To be eligible
for the a special plate,
3 the subcomponent system producer must be either a recognized
4 subcomponent system producer or must be a subcomponent system
5 producer under contract with a vehicle manufacturer.
6 (3) A dealer owning a vehicle of a type otherwise required
7 to be registered under this act may operate or move the vehicle
8 upon a street or highway without registering the vehicle if the
9 vehicle displays, in the manner prescribed in section 225, 1 2
10 special plate plates
issued to the owner by the secretary of
11 state or, if the vehicle is a motorcycle, 1 special plate issued
12 to the owner by the secretary of state. As used in this
13 subsection, "dealer" includes an employee, servant, or agent of
14 the dealer.
15 (4) Solely to deliver the vehicle, a transporter may operate
16 or move a vehicle of a type otherwise required to be registered
17 under this act upon a street or highway if the vehicle displays,
18 in the manner prescribed in section 225, a 2 special
plate plates
19 issued to the transporter under this chapter or, if the vehicle
20 is a motorcycle, 1 special plate issued to the transporter under
21 this chapter.
22 (5) A licensee shall not use a special plate described in
23 this section on service cars or wreckers operated as an adjunct
24 of a licensee's business. A manufacturer, transporter, or dealer
25 making or permitting any unauthorized use of a special plate
26 under this chapter forfeits the right to use special plates and
27 the secretary of state, after notice and a hearing, may suspend
1 or cancel the right to use special plates and require that the
2 special plates be surrendered to or repossessed by the this
3 state.
4 (6) A transporter shall furnish a sufficient surety bond or
5 policy of insurance as protection for public liability and
6 property damage as may be required by the secretary of state.
7 (7) The secretary of state shall determine the number of
8 plates a manufacturer, dealer, or transporter reasonably needs in
9 his or her business.
10 (8) If a vehicle that is required to be registered under
11 this act is leased or sold, the vendee or lessee is permitted to
12 operate the vehicle upon a street or highway for not more than 72
13 hours after taking possession if the vehicle has a dealer plate
14 or plates attached as provided in this section. The application
15 for registration shall be made in the name of the vendee or
16 lessee before the vehicle is used. The dealer and the vendee or
17 lessee are jointly responsible for the return of the dealer plate
18 or plates to the dealer within 72 hours, and the failure of the
19 vendee or lessee to return the dealer plate or plates or the
20 failure of the vendor or lessor to use due diligence to procure
21 the dealer plate or plates
is a misdemeanor, and in addition the
22 license of the dealer may be revoked. While using a dealer's
23 plate or plates, a vendee or lessee shall have in his or her
24 possession proof that clearly indicates the date of sale or lease
25 of the motor vehicle.
26 (9) A vehicle owned by a dealer and bearing the dealer's
27 plate or plates may be driven upon a street or highway for
1 demonstration purposes by a prospective buyer or lessee for a
2 period of 72 hours.
3 (10) The secretary of state may issue a registration plate
4 plates upon application and payment of the proper fee to an
5 individual, partnership, corporation, or association that in the
6 ordinary course of business has occasion to legally pick up or
7 deliver a commercial motor vehicle being driven to a facility to
8 undergo aftermarket modification, or to repair or service a
9 vehicle, or to persons defined as watercraft dealers under part
10 801 of the natural resources and environmental protection act,
11 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.80101 to 324.80199, or to the owner of a
12 marina for the purpose of delivering a vessel or trailer to a
13 purchaser, to transport a vessel between a body of water and a
14 place of storage, to transport a vessel or trailer to and from a
15 boat show or exposition, to repair, service, or store a vessel or
16 trailer, or to return a vessel or trailer to the customer after
17 repair, service, or storage. A registration plate Registration
18 plates issued under this subsection shall be used to move the
19 vehicle or trailer.
20 Sec. 252a. (1) A person shall not abandon a vehicle in this
21 state. It is presumed that the last titled owner of the vehicle
22 is responsible for abandoning the vehicle unless the person
23 provides a record of the sale as that term is defined in section
24 240. A person who violates this subsection and who fails to
25 redeem the vehicle before disposition of the vehicle under
26 section 252g is responsible for a civil infraction and shall be
27 ordered to pay a civil fine of $50.00.
1 (2) As used in this section and sections 252a through 252l,
2 "abandoned vehicle" means either of the following:
3 (a) A vehicle that has remained on private property without
4 the consent of the owner.
5 (b) A vehicle that has remained on public property for a
6 period of not less than 48 hours, or on a state trunk line
7 highway as described in section 1 of 1951 PA 51, MCL 247.651, as
8 follows:
9 (i) If a valid
registration plate is or plates
are affixed to
10 the vehicle, for a period of not less than 18 hours.
11 (ii) If a valid
registration plate is or plates
are not
12 affixed to the vehicle.
13 (3) If a vehicle has remained on public property for the
14 period of time described in subsection (2)(b) so that it
15 qualifies as abandoned, a police agency having jurisdiction over
16 the vehicle or the agency's designee shall determine whether the
17 vehicle has been reported stolen and may affix a written notice
18 to the vehicle. The written notice shall contain the following
19 information:
20 (a) The date and time the notice was affixed.
21 (b) The name and address of the police agency taking the
22 action.
23 (c) The name and badge number of the police officer affixing
24 the notice.
25 (d) The date and time the vehicle may be taken into custody
26 and stored at the owner's expense or scrapped if the vehicle is
27 not removed.
1 (e) The year, make, and vehicle identification number of the
2 vehicle, if available.
3 (4) If the vehicle is an abandoned vehicle, the police
4 agency or the agency's designee may have the towing agency take
5 the vehicle into custody.
6 (5) A police agency that has received a vehicle taken into
7 custody as abandoned shall do all of the following:
8 (a) Recheck to determine if the vehicle has been reported
9 stolen.
10 (b) Within 24 hours after the vehicle is taken into custody,
11 enter the vehicle as abandoned into the law enforcement
12 information network, and notify the secretary of state through
13 the law enforcement information network that the vehicle has been
14 taken into custody as abandoned. Each notification shall contain
15 the following information:
16 (i) The year, make, and vehicle identification number of the
17 vehicle, if available.
18 (ii) The address or approximate location from which the
19 vehicle was taken into custody.
20 (iii) The date on which the vehicle was taken into custody.
21 (iv) The name and address of the police agency that had the
22 vehicle taken into custody.
23 (v) The name and business address of the custodian of the
24 vehicle.
25 (vi) The name of the court that has jurisdiction over the
26 case.
27 (c) Within 7 days after receiving notice under subdivision
1 (b) that the vehicle has been taken into custody, the secretary
2 of state shall do both of the following:
3 (i) Send to the last titled owner and secured party, as shown
4 by the records of the secretary of state as described in section
5 221 or 237, by first-class mail or personal service, notice that
6 the vehicle is considered abandoned. The secretary of state shall
7
furnish the form for the notice. shall
be furnished by the
8 secretary of state. Each
notice form shall contain the following
9 information:
10 (A) The year, make, and vehicle identification number of the
11 vehicle if available.
12 (B) The address or approximate location from which the
13 vehicle was taken into custody.
14 (C) The date on which the vehicle was taken into custody.
15 (D) The name and address of the police agency that had the
16 vehicle taken into custody.
17 (E) The name and business address of the custodian of the
18 vehicle.
19 (F) The procedure to redeem the vehicle.
20 (G) The procedure to contest the fact that the vehicle is
21 considered abandoned or the reasonableness of the towing fees and
22 daily storage fees.
23 (H) A form petition that the owner may file in person or by
24 mail with the specified court that requests a hearing on the
25 police agency's action.
26 (I) A warning that the failure to redeem the vehicle or to
27 request a hearing within 20 days after the date of the notice may
1 result in the sale of the vehicle and the termination of all
2 rights of the owner and the secured party to the vehicle or the
3 proceeds of the sale.
4 (ii) Enter the information described in subparagraph (i) on a
5 website maintained by the department for public use in locating
6 vehicles that are removed under this section as abandoned. The
7 department shall maintain the data on the website for 1 year or
8 until the vehicle is disposed of under this act, whichever occurs
9 first.
10 (6) The owner may contest the fact that the vehicle is
11 considered abandoned or the reasonableness of the towing fees and
12 daily storage fees by requesting a hearing and posting a bond
13 equal to $40.00 plus the amount of the accrued towing and storage
14 fees. A request for a hearing shall be made by filing a petition
15 with the court specified in the notice described in subsection
16 (5)(c) (5)(c)(i) within
20 days after the date of the notice. If
17 the owner requests a hearing, the matter shall be resolved after
18 a hearing conducted under sections 252e and 252f. An owner who
19 requests a hearing may obtain release of the vehicle by posting a
20 towing and storage bond in an amount equal to the $40.00 plus the
21 accrued towing and storage fees with the court. The owner of a
22 vehicle who requests a hearing may obtain release of the vehicle
23 by paying a fee of $40.00 to the court and the accrued towing and
24 storage fees instead of posting the towing and storage bond.
25 (7) If the owner does not request a hearing under subsection
26 (6), he or she may obtain the release of the vehicle by paying a
27 fee of $40.00 and the accrued towing and storage fees to the
1 custodian of the vehicle. The custodian of the vehicle shall
2 forward $25.00 of the fee to the secretary of state within 30
3 days after receipt in a manner prescribed by the secretary of
4 state, who shall deposit the fee into the abandoned vehicle fund
5 created in section 252h.
6 (8) If the owner does not redeem the vehicle or request a
7 hearing within 20 days after the date of the notice described in
8 subsection (5)(c), (5)(c)(i), the
secured party may obtain the
9 release of the vehicle by paying a $40.00 fee plus the accrued
10 charges to the custodian of the vehicle. The custodian of the
11 vehicle shall forward $25.00 of the fee to the secretary of
12 state, who shall deposit the fee into the abandoned vehicle fund
13 created in section 252h.
14 (9) If a vehicle has remained on private property without
15 the consent of the property owner, the owner of the private
16 property may have the vehicle taken into custody as an abandoned
17 vehicle by contacting a local towing agency. A local towing
18 agency is considered a towing agency whose storage lot is located
19 within 15 miles from the border of the local unit of government
20 having jurisdiction over the abandoned vehicle.
21 (10) Before removing the vehicle from private property, the
22 towing agency shall provide reasonable notice by telephone , or
23 otherwise , to a
police agency having jurisdiction over the
24 vehicle that the vehicle is being removed. The police agency
25 shall determine if the vehicle has been reported stolen and enter
26 the vehicle into the law enforcement information network as an
27 abandoned vehicle. Verification by the police agency of
1 compliance with this section is not necessary and is not a
2 predicate to the entrance of the vehicle into the law enforcement
3 information network.
4 (11) Within 24 hours after taking the abandoned vehicle into
5 custody, the police agency shall notify the secretary of state
6 through the law enforcement information network that the vehicle
7 has been taken into custody as abandoned. Each notification shall
8 contain the following information:
9 (a) The year, make, and vehicle identification number of the
10 vehicle if available.
11 (b) The address or approximate location from which the
12 vehicle was taken into custody.
13 (c) The date on which the vehicle was taken into custody.
14 (d) The name and address of the police agency that had the
15 vehicle taken into custody.
16 (e) The name and business address of the custodian of the
17 vehicle.
18 (f) The name of the court that has jurisdiction over the
19 case.
20 (12) Within 7 days after being notified under subsection
21 (11), the secretary of state shall do both of the following:
22 (a) Send to the owner and secured party, as shown by the
23 records of the secretary of state, by first-class mail or
24 personal service, notice that the vehicle is considered
25 abandoned. The form for the notice shall be furnished by the
26 secretary of state. Each notice form shall contain the following
27 information:
1 (i) The year, make, and vehicle identification number of the
2 vehicle if available.
3 (ii) The location from which the vehicle was taken into
4 custody.
5 (iii) The date on which the vehicle was taken into custody.
6 (iv) The name of the towing agency that had the vehicle taken
7 into custody.
8 (v) The business address of the custodian of the vehicle.
9 (vi) The procedure to redeem the vehicle.
10 (vii) The procedure to contest the fact that the vehicle is
11 considered abandoned or the reasonableness of the towing fees and
12 daily storage fees.
13 (viii) A form petition that the owner may file in person or by
14 mail with the specified court that requests a hearing on the
15 custodian's action.
16 (ix) A warning that the failure to redeem the vehicle or to
17 request a hearing within 20 days after the date of the notice may
18 result in the sale of the vehicle and the termination of all
19 rights of the owner and the secured party to the vehicle or the
20 proceeds of the sale.
21 (b) Enter the information described in subdivision (a) on a
22 website maintained by the department for public use in locating
23 vehicles that are removed under this section as abandoned.
24 (13) The owner may contest the fact that the vehicle is
25 abandoned or, unless the towing fees and daily storage fees are
26 established by contract with the local governmental unit or local
27 law enforcement agency and comply with section 252i, the
1 reasonableness of the towing fees and daily storage fees by
2 requesting a hearing. A request for a hearing shall be made by
3 filing a petition with the court specified in the notice within
4 20 days after the date of the notice. If the owner requests a
5 hearing, the matter shall be resolved after a hearing conducted
6 under section 252f. An owner who requests a hearing may obtain
7 release of the vehicle by posting with the court a towing and
8 storage bond in an amount equal to $40.00 plus the accrued towing
9 and storage fees. The owner of a vehicle who requests a hearing
10 may obtain release of the vehicle by paying a fee of $40.00 to
11 the court plus the towing and storage fees instead of posting the
12 towing and storage bond. An owner requesting a hearing but not
13 taking possession of the vehicle shall post with the court a
14 towing and storage bond in an amount equal to $40.00 plus the
15 accrued towing and storage fees.
16 (14) If the owner does not request a hearing, he or she may
17 obtain the release of the vehicle by paying a fee of $40.00 plus
18 the accrued charges to the custodian of the vehicle. The
19 custodian shall forward $25.00 of the fee collected under this
20 subsection to the secretary of state within 30 days after receipt
21 in a manner prescribed by the secretary of state, who shall
22 deposit the fee into the abandoned vehicle fund created in
23 section 252h.
24 (15) If the owner does not redeem the vehicle or request a
25 hearing within 20 days after the date of the notice, the secured
26 party may obtain the release of the vehicle by paying a fee of
27 $40.00 and the accrued towing and storage fees to the custodian
1 of the vehicle. The custodian shall forward $25.00 of the fee
2 collected under this subsection to the secretary of state within
3 30 days after receipt in a manner prescribed by the secretary of
4 state, who shall deposit the fee into the abandoned vehicle fund
5 created in section 252h.
6 (16) Not less than 20 days after the disposition of the
7 hearing described in subsection (6) or, if a hearing is not
8 requested, not less than 20 days after the date of the notice,
9 the police agency if the abandoned vehicle is found on public
10 property, or the custodian of the vehicle if the vehicle is found
11 on private property, shall offer the vehicle for sale at a public
12 sale under section 252g.
13 (17) If the ownership of a vehicle that is considered
14 abandoned under this section cannot be determined either because
15 of the condition of the vehicle identification numbers or because
16 a check with the records of the secretary of state as described
17 in section 221 or 237 does not reveal ownership, the police
18 agency may sell the vehicle at public sale as provided in section
19 252g not less than 30 days after public notice of the sale has
20 been published.
21 (18) The secretary of state shall release a vehicle for
22 disposition under section 252b or 252g within 45 days after the
23 vehicle is entered into the law enforcement information network
24 as an abandoned vehicle.
25 Sec. 255. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter,
26 a person shall not operate, nor shall an owner knowingly permit
27 to be operated, upon any highway, a vehicle required to be
1 registered under this act unless there is are attached
to and
2 displayed on the vehicle, as required by this chapter, a 2 valid
3 registration plate plates
issued for the vehicle by the
4 department for the current registration year, unless the vehicle
5 is a motorcycle, in which case there shall be attached to the
6 motorcycle 1 valid registration plate issued for the motorcycle
7
by the department for the current registration year. A
8 registration plate shall Registration
plates are not be required
9 upon any wrecked or disabled vehicle, or vehicle destined for
10 repair or junking, which is being transported or drawn upon a
11 highway by a wrecker or a registered motor vehicle.
12 (2) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person
13 who violates subsection (1) is responsible for a civil
14 infraction. However, if the vehicle is a commercial vehicle which
15 that is required to be registered according to the schedule of
16 elected gross vehicle weights under section 801(1)(k), the person
17 is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not
18 more than 90 days or a fine of not more than $500.00, or both.
19 (3) A person who operates a vehicle licensed under the
20 international registration plan and does not have a valid
21 registration due to nonpayment of the apportioned fee is guilty
22 of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 90
23 days, or by a fine of not more than $100.00, or both. In
24 addition, a police officer may impound the vehicle until a valid
25 registration is obtained. If the vehicle is impounded, the towing
26 and storage costs of the vehicle, and the care or preservation of
27 the load in the vehicle shall be the owner's responsibility.
1 Vehicles impounded shall be are subject to a lien in the
amount
2 of the apportioned fee and any fine and costs incurred under this
3 subsection, subject to a valid lien of prior record. If the
4 apportioned fee, fine, and costs are not paid within 90 days
5 after impoundment, then following a hearing before the judge or
6 magistrate who imposed the fine and costs, the judge or
7 magistrate shall certify the unpaid judgment to the prosecuting
8 attorney of the county in which the violation occurred. The
9 prosecuting attorney shall enforce the lien by foreclosure sale
10 in accordance with the procedure authorized by law for chattel
11 mortgage foreclosures.
12 Sec. 328. (1) The owner of a motor vehicle who operates or
13 permits the operation of the motor vehicle upon the highways of
14 this state or the operator of the motor vehicle shall produce,
15 pursuant to subsection (2), upon the request of a police officer,
16 evidence that the motor vehicle is insured under chapter 31 of
17 the insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 to
18 500.3179. Subject to section 907(16), 907(15), an
owner or
19 operator of a motor vehicle who fails to produce evidence of
20 insurance under this subsection when requested to produce that
21 evidence or who fails to have motor vehicle insurance for the
22 vehicle as required under chapter 31 of the insurance code of
23 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 to 500.3179, is responsible for a
24 civil infraction.
25 (2) A certificate of insurance, issued by an insurance
26 company, that certifies that the security that meets the
27 requirements of sections 3101 and 3102 of the insurance code of
1 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 and 500.3102, is in force shall
2 be accepted as is prima facie evidence that insurance is in force
3 for the motor vehicle described in the certificate of insurance
4 until the expiration date shown on the certificate. The
5 certificate, in addition to describing the motor vehicles for
6 which insurance is in effect, shall state the name of each person
7 named on the policy, policy declaration, or a declaration
8 certificate whose operation of the vehicle would cause the
9 liability coverage of that insurance to become void.
10 (3) If, before the appearance date on the citation, the
11 person submits proof to the court that the motor vehicle had
12 insurance meeting the requirements of sections 3101 and 3102 of
13 the insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 and
14 500.3102, at the time the violation of subsection (1) occurred,
15 all of the following apply:
16 (a) The court shall not assess a fine or costs.
17 (b) The court shall not cause forward an
abstract of the
18 court record to be forwarded to the secretary of state.
19 (c) The court may assess a fee of not more than $25.00,
20 which shall be paid to the court funding unit.
21 (4) If an owner or operator of a motor vehicle is determined
22 to be responsible for a violation of subsection (1), the court in
23 which the civil infraction determination is entered may require
24 the person to surrender his or her operator's or chauffeur's
25 license unless proof that the vehicle has insurance meeting the
26 requirements of sections 3101 and 3102 of the insurance code of
27 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3101 and 500.3102, is submitted to the
1 court. If the court requires the license to be surrendered, the
2 court shall order the secretary of state to suspend the person's
3 license. The court shall immediately destroy the license and
4 shall forward to the secretary of state an abstract of the court
5 record as required by section 732. Upon receipt of the abstract,
6 the secretary of state shall suspend the person's license
7 beginning with the date on which a person is determined to be
8 responsible for the civil infraction for a period of 30 days or
9 until proof of insurance meeting the requirements of sections
10 3101 and 3102 of the insurance code of 1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL
11 500.3101 and 500.3102, is submitted to the secretary of state,
12 whichever occurs later. A person who submits proof of insurance
13 to the secretary of state under this subsection shall pay a
14 service fee of $25.00 to the secretary of state. The person shall
15 not be required to be examined as set forth in section 320c and
16 shall not be required to pay a replacement license fee.
17 (5) If an owner or operator of a motor vehicle is determined
18 to be responsible for a violation of subsection (1), the court in
19 which the civil infraction determination is entered shall notify
20 the secretary of state of the vehicle registration number and the
21 year and make of the motor vehicle being operated at the time of
22 the violation. This notification shall be made on the abstract or
23 on a form approved by the supreme court administrator. Upon
24 receipt, the secretary of state shall immediately enter this
25 information in the records of the department. The secretary of
26 state shall not renew, transfer, or replace the registration
27 plate or plates of the vehicle involved in the violation or allow
1 the purchase of a new registration plate or plates for the
2 vehicle involved in the violation until the owner meets the
3 requirements of section 227a or unless the vehicle involved in
4 the violation is transferred or sold to a person other than the
5 owner's spouse, mother, father, sister, brother, or child.
6 (6) An owner or operator of a motor vehicle who knowingly
7 produces false evidence under this section is guilty of a
8 misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment for not more than 1 year,
9 or a fine of not more than $1,000.00, or both.
10 (7) Points shall not be entered on a driver's record
11 pursuant to section 320a for a violation of this section.
12 (8) This section does not apply to the owner or operator of
13 a motor vehicle that is registered in a state other than this
14 state or a foreign country or province.
15 Sec. 625l. (1) The manufacturer of an ignition interlock
16 device shall design a warning label, and the person who has an
17 ignition interlock device shall promptly affix that label to each
18 ignition interlock device upon installation. The label shall
19 contain a warning that any person tampering with, circumventing,
20 or otherwise misusing the device is guilty of a misdemeanor
21 punishable as provided by law.
22 (2) A person who is only permitted to operate a motor
23 vehicle equipped with an ignition interlock device shall not
24 operate a motor vehicle on which an ignition interlock device is
25 not properly installed.
26 (3) A person who has an ignition interlock device installed
27 and whose driving privilege is restricted shall not request or
1 solicit any other person to blow into an ignition interlock
2 device or to start a vehicle equipped with the device for the
3 purpose of providing the person whose driving privilege is
4 restricted with an operable vehicle.
5 (4) A person shall not blow into an ignition interlock
6 device or start a motor vehicle equipped with the device for the
7 purpose of providing an operable vehicle to a person who has an
8 interlock device installed and whose driving privilege is
9 restricted.
10 (5) A person shall not tamper with or circumvent the
11 operation of an ignition interlock device.
12 (6) A person who violates subsection (2), (3), (4), or (5)
13 is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not
14 more than 6 months or a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both.
15 (7) If a law enforcement officer detains the operator of a
16 motor vehicle for violating a law of this state or a local
17 ordinance and the operator is a person required to only operate a
18 motor vehicle with an ignition interlock device properly
19 installed, but no ignition interlock device is properly installed
20 on the motor vehicle, the law enforcement officer shall impound
21 the motor vehicle. If a motor vehicle impounded under this
22 subsection is individually or jointly owned by the operator, the
23 law enforcement officer shall do all of the following:
24 (a) Immediately confiscate the motor vehicle registration
25 plate or plates and destroy it.them.
26 (b) Issue a temporary registration plate or plates for the
27 vehicle in the same manner prescribed by the secretary of state
1 for temporary registration plates issued under section 226a or
2 226b.
3 (c) Place the temporary registration plate or plates issued
4 under subdivision (b) on the motor vehicle in the manner
5 prescribed by the secretary of state.
6 (d) Notify the secretary of state through the law
7 enforcement information network in a form prescribed by the
8 secretary of state that the registration plate was or plates were
9 destroyed and that a temporary registration plate was or plates
10 were issued to the motor vehicle.
11 (8) A temporary registration plate or plates issued under
12 this section is are
valid until the charges for violating
13 subsection (2) are dismissed, the person pleads guilty or no
14 contest to the charge, or the person is found guilty to or is
15 acquitted of the charge.
16 (9) If the motor vehicle impounded under this section is not
17 owned individually or jointly by the operator, the law
18 enforcement officer shall impound the motor vehicle by contacting
19 a local towing agency. The motor vehicle shall only be returned
20 to the registered owner.
21 (10) The owner of a motor vehicle impounded under this
22 section is liable for the expenses incurred in the removal and
23 storage of the motor vehicle whether or not it is returned to him
24 or her. The motor vehicle shall be returned to the owner only if
25 the owner pays the expenses of removal and storage. If redemption
26 is not made or the vehicle is not returned as described under
27 this subsection, it shall be considered an abandoned vehicle and
1 disposed of under section 252a.
2 (11) The state, or the department, its officers, employees,
3 or agents, or a court, its officers, employees, or agents are not
4 liable in any claim or action that may arise, directly or
5 indirectly, out of any act or omission by a manufacturer,
6 installer, or servicing agent of an ignition interlock device
7 that results in damage to persons or property.
8 (12) A person shall not sell, lease, install, or monitor in
9 a vehicle in this state an ignition interlock device unless the
10 ignition interlock device manufacturer and provider carries
11 liability insurance covering product liability, including, but
12 not limited to, insurance to indemnify the department and any
13 person injured as a result of a design defect or the calibration
14 or removal of the ignition interlock device or a
15 misrepresentation about the ignition interlock device. The
16 insurance required by this subsection shall be in an amount of
17 not less than $1,000,000.00 per incident.
18 (13) The provider of insurance described in this section may
19 cancel the insurance upon 30 days' written notice to the
20 department and is not liable for a claim arising from an event
21 that occurs after the effective date of a cancellation made in
22 compliance with this section.
23 (14) An ignition interlock device shall be serviced
24 according to manufacturer's standards. Service shall include, but
25 not be limited to, physical inspection of the device and vehicle
26 for tampering, calibration of the device, and monitoring of the
27 data contained within the device's memory. Only authorized
1 employees of the manufacturer or the department, or other persons
2 approved by the court, may observe the installation of a device.
3 Reasonable security measures shall be taken to prevent the
4 customer from observing the installation of a device or obtaining
5 access to installation materials.
6 Sec. 674. (1) A vehicle shall not be parked, except if
7 necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance
8 with the law or the directions of a police officer or traffic-
9 control device, in any of the following places:
10 (a) On a sidewalk.
11 (b) In front of a public or private driveway.
12 (c) Within an intersection.
13 (d) Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant.
14 (e) On a crosswalk.
15 (f) Within 20 feet of a crosswalk, or if there is not a
16 crosswalk, then within 15 feet of the intersection of property
17 lines at an intersection of highways.
18 (g) Within 30 feet of the approach to a flashing beacon,
19 stop sign, or traffic-control signal located at the side of a
20 highway.
21 (h) Between a safety zone and the adjacent curb or within 30
22 feet of a point on the curb immediately opposite the end of a
23 safety zone, unless a different length is indicated by an
24 official sign or marking.
25 (i) Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad
26 crossing.
27 (j) Within 20 feet of the driveway entrance to a fire
1 station and on the side of a street opposite the entrance to a
2 fire station within 75 feet of the entrance if properly marked by
3 an official sign.
4 (k) Alongside or opposite a street excavation or
5 obstruction, if the stopping, standing, or parking would obstruct
6 traffic.
7 (l) On the roadway side of a vehicle stopped or parked at the
8 edge or curb of a street.
9 (m) Upon a bridge or other elevated highway structure or
10 within a highway tunnel.
11 (n) At a place where an official sign prohibits stopping or
12 parking.
13 (o) Within 500 feet of an accident at which a police officer
14 is in attendance, if the scene of the accident is outside of a
15 city or village.
16 (p) In front of a theater.
17 (q) In a place or in a manner that blocks immediate egress
18 from an emergency exit conspicuously marked as an emergency exit
19 of a building.
20 (r) In a place or in a manner that blocks or hampers the
21 immediate use of an immediate egress from a fire escape
22 conspicuously marked as a fire escape providing an emergency
23 means of egress from a building.
24 (s) In a parking space clearly identified by an official
25 sign as being reserved for use by disabled persons that is on
26 public property or private property available for public use,
27 unless the individual is a disabled person as described in
1 section 19a or unless the individual is parking the vehicle for
2 the benefit of a disabled person. In order for the vehicle to be
3 parked in the parking space the vehicle shall display 1 of the
4 following:
5 (i) A certificate of identification or windshield placard
6 issued under section 675 to a disabled person.
7 (ii) A
special Special registration plate plates issued
under
8 section 803d to a disabled person.
9 (iii) A similar certificate of identification or windshield
10 placard issued by another state to a disabled person.
11 (iv) A similar special registration plate issued by another
12 state to a disabled person.
13 (v) A special
Special registration plate plates to
which a
14 tab tabs for persons with disabilities is are attached
issued
15 under this act.
16 (t) In a clearly identified access aisle or access lane
17 immediately adjacent to a space designated for parking by persons
18 with disabilities.
19 (u) On a street or other area open to the parking of
20 vehicles that results in the vehicle interfering with the use of
21 a curb-cut or ramp by persons with disabilities.
22 (v) Within 500 feet of a fire at which fire apparatus is in
23 attendance, if the scene of the fire is outside a city or
24 village. However, volunteer fire fighters responding to the fire
25 may park within 500 feet of the fire in a manner not to interfere
26 with fire apparatus at the scene. A vehicle parked legally
27 previous to the fire is exempt from this subdivision.
1 (w) In violation of an official sign restricting the period
2 of time for or manner of parking.
3 (x) In a space controlled or regulated by a meter on a
4 public highway or in a publicly owned parking area or structure,
5 if the allowable time for parking indicated on the meter has
6 expired, unless the vehicle properly displays 1 or more of the
7 items listed in section 675(8).
8 (y) On a street or highway in such a way as to obstruct the
9 delivery of mail to a rural mailbox by a carrier of the United
10 States postal service.
11 (z) In a place or in a manner that blocks the use of an
12 alley.
13 (aa) In a place or in a manner that blocks access to a space
14 clearly designated as a fire lane.
15 (2) A person shall not move a vehicle not owned by the
16 person into a prohibited area or away from a curb a distance that
17 makes the parking unlawful.
18 (3) A bus, for the purpose of taking on or discharging
19 passengers, may be stopped at a place described in subsection
20 (1)(b), (d), or (f) or on the roadway side of a vehicle illegally
21 parked in a legally designated bus loading zone. A bus, for the
22 purpose of taking on or discharging a passenger, may be stopped
23 at a place described in subsection (1)(n) if the place is posted
24 by an appropriate bus stop sign, except that a bus shall not stop
25 at such a place if the stopping is specifically prohibited by the
26 responsible local authority, the state transportation department,
27 or the director of the department of state police.
1 (4) A person who violates this section is responsible for a
2 civil infraction.
3 Sec. 675. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this section
4 and this chapter, a vehicle stopped or parked upon a highway or
5 street shall be stopped or parked with the wheels of the vehicle
6 parallel to the roadway and within 12 inches of any curb existing
7 at the right of the vehicle.
8 (2) A local authority may by ordinance permit parking of a
9 vehicle on a 1-way roadway with the vehicle's left wheels
10 adjacent to and within 12 inches of any curb existing at the left
11 of the vehicle.
12 (3) A local authority may by ordinance permit angle parking
13 on a roadway, except that angle parking shall not be permitted on
14 a state trunk line highway.
15 (4) The state transportation commission with respect to
16 state trunk line highways and the board of county road
17 commissioners with respect to county roads, acting jointly with
18 the director of the department of state police, may place signs
19 prohibiting or restricting the stopping, standing, or parking of
20 vehicles on a highway where in the opinion of the officials as
21 determined by an engineering survey, the stopping, standing, or
22 parking is dangerous to those using the highway or where the
23 stopping, standing, or parking of vehicles would unduly interfere
24 with the free movement of traffic on the highway or street. The
25 signs shall be official signs and a person shall not stop, stand,
26 or park a vehicle in violation of the restrictions stated on the
27 signs. The signs shall be installed only after a proper traffic
1 order is filed with the county clerk. Upon the application to the
2 state transportation commission by a home rule city affected by
3 an order, opportunity shall be given to the city for a hearing
4 before the state transportation commission, pursuant to the
5 administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to
6 24.328, except when an ordinance of the home rule city prohibits
7 or restricts the parking of vehicles on a state trunk line
8 highway; when the home rule city, by lawfully authorized official
9 action, requests the state transportation department to prohibit
10 or restrict parking on a state trunk line highway; or when the
11 home rule city enters into a construction agreement with the
12 state transportation department providing for the prohibition or
13 restriction of parking on a state trunk line highway during or
14 after the period of construction. Traffic control orders, so long
15 as they that affect
parking upon a state trunk line highway
16 within the corporate limits of a home rule city, are considered
17 "rules" within the meaning of the administrative procedures act
18 of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24.201 to 24.328, and upon application
19 for a hearing by a home rule city, the proceedings before the
20 state transportation commission shall be considered a "contested
21 case" within the meaning of that act.
22 (5) A disabled person may apply, on a form prescribed by the
23 secretary of state, for a serially numbered nontransferable
24 temporary or permanent windshield placard for the personal use of
25 the disabled person. An individual who has a religious objection
26 to having a medical examination may personally apply at a branch
27 office of the secretary of state for a serially numbered
1 nontransferable temporary or permanent windshield placard for the
2 personal use of the disabled individual. If it appears obvious
3 that the individual has a qualifying disability, the individual
4 shall not be required to present a medical statement attesting to
5 the disability. The application for and the issuance of the
6 serially numbered nontransferable temporary or permanent
7 windshield placard is subject to all of the following:
8 (a) The secretary of state may issue to a disabled person
9 with a temporary disability a temporary windshield placard that
10 is valid for a period of not more than 6 months.
11 (b) The secretary of state may issue to a disabled person
12 with a permanent disability an original or renewal permanent
13 windshield placard that is valid for at least 4 years.
14 (c) An original certificate of identification or permanent
15 windshield placard shall expire expires on the disabled
person's
16 fifth birthday after the date of issuance.
17 (d) A renewal permanent windshield placard shall expire
18 expires on the disabled person's fourth birthday after the date
19 of renewal.
20 (e) A person holding a certificate of identification or
21 permanent windshield placard at any time within 45 days before
22 the expiration of his or her certificate or placard may make
23 application for a new or renewal placard as provided for in this
24 section. However, if the person will be out of state during the
25 45 days immediately preceding expiration of the certificate or
26 placard or for other good cause shown cannot apply for a placard
27 within the 45-day period, application for a new or renewal
1 placard may be made not more than 6 months before expiration of
2 the certificate or placard. A placard issued or renewed under
3 this subdivision shall expire expires as provided for in
this
4 subsection.
5 (f) Upon application in the manner prescribed by the
6 secretary of state for replacement of a lost, stolen, or
7 destroyed certificate or placard described in this section, a
8 disabled person or organization that provides specialized
9 services to disabled persons may be issued a placard that in
10 substance duplicates the original certificate or placard for a
11 fee of $10.00.
12 (g) A certificate or placard described in this section may
13 be used by a person other than the disabled person for the sole
14 purpose of transporting the disabled person. An organization that
15 provides specialized services to disabled persons may apply for
16 and receive a permanent windshield placard to be used in any
17 motor vehicle actually transporting a disabled person. If the
18 organization ceases to transport disabled persons, the placard
19 shall be returned to the secretary of state for cancellation and
20 destruction.
21 (6) A disabled person with a certificate of identification,
22 windshield placard, special registration plates issued under
23 section 803d, a special registration plate plates issued
under
24 section 803f that has a tab have tabs for persons with
25 disabilities attached, a certificate of identification or
26 windshield placard from another state, or special registration
27 plates from another state issued for persons with disabilities is
1 entitled to courtesy in the parking of a vehicle. The courtesy
2 shall relieve the disabled person or the person transporting the
3 disabled person from liability for a violation with respect to
4 parking, other than in violation of this act. A local authority
5 may by ordinance prohibit parking on a street or highway to
6 create a fire lane or to provide for the accommodation of heavy
7 traffic during morning and afternoon rush hours, and the
8 privileges extending to veterans and physically disabled persons
9 under this subsection do not supersede that ordinance.
10 (7) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (24), an
11 application for an initial free parking sticker shall contain a
12 certification by a physician, physician assistant, or certified
13 nurse practitioner licensed to practice in this state attesting
14 to the nature and estimated duration of the applicant's disabling
15 condition and verifying that the applicant qualifies for a free
16 parking sticker. An individual who has a religious objection to
17 having a medical examination may personally apply at a branch
18 office of the secretary of state for an initial free parking
19 sticker. If it appears obvious that the individual is unable to
20 do 1 or more of the acts listed in subdivisions (a) to (d), the
21 individual shall is
not be required to present a
certification by
22 a physician, a physician assistant, or a certified nurse
23 practitioner attesting to the nature and estimated duration of
24 the applicant's disabling condition or verifying that the
25 applicant qualifies for a free parking sticker. The applicant
26 qualifies for a free parking sticker if the applicant is a
27 licensed driver and the physician, physician assistant, or
1 certified nurse practitioner certifies or, if an individual is
2 not required to have a certification by a physician, a physician
3 assistant, or a certified nurse practitioner, it is obvious that
4 the applicant is unable to do 1 or more of the following:
5 (a) Manage, manipulate, or insert coins, or obtain tickets
6 or tokens in parking meters or ticket machines in parking lots or
7 parking structures, due to the lack of fine motor control of both
8 hands.
9 (b) Reach above his or her head to a height of 42 inches
10 from the ground, due to a lack of finger, hand, or upper
11 extremity strength or mobility.
12 (c) Approach a parking meter due to his or her use of a
13 wheelchair or other device.
14 (d) Walk more than 20 feet due to an orthopedic,
15 neurological, cardiovascular, or lung condition in which the
16 degree of debilitation is so severe that it almost completely
17 impedes the ability to walk.
18 (8) To be entitled to free parking in a metered space or in
19 a publicly owned parking structure or area, a vehicle must
20 properly display 1 of the following:
21 (a) A windshield placard bearing a free parking sticker
22 issued pursuant to this act.
23 (b) A valid certificate of identification issued before
24 October 1, 1994.
25 (c) A valid windshield placard issued by another state.
26 (d) A certificate of identification issued by another state.
27 (e) A license plate for persons with disabilities issued by
1 another state.
2 (f) A special registration plate with a tab for persons with
3 disabilities attached issued by another state.
4 (9) A vehicle that does not properly display 1 of the items
5 listed in subsection (8) is not entitled to free parking in a
6 metered parking space or in a publicly owned parking area or
7 structure, and the disabled person or vehicle operator shall pay
8 all parking fees and may be responsible for a civil infraction.
9 (10) Blindness that is not accompanied by an incapacity
10 described in subsection (7) does not entitle a person to a free
11 parking sticker.
12 (11) The secretary of state shall attach a free parking
13 sticker, in contrasting colors, to the windshield placard of a
14 person certified as having an incapacity described in subsection
15 (7).
16 (12) A windshield placard issued under this section shall be
17 displayed on the interior rearview mirror of the vehicle or, if
18 there is no interior rearview mirror, on the lower left corner of
19 the dashboard while the vehicle is parked or being parked by or
20 under the direction of a disabled person pursuant to this
21 section.
22 (13) A certificate of identification issued before February
23 11, 1992 shall be displayed on the lower left corner of the
24 dashboard of the parked vehicle.
25 (14) Upon conviction of an offense involving a violation of
26 the special privileges conferred upon a holder of a certificate
27 of identification, windshield placard, or free parking sticker, a
1 magistrate or judge trying the case, as a part of any penalty
2 imposed, may confiscate the serially numbered certificate of
3 identification, windshield placard, or free parking sticker and
4 return the confiscated item or items to the secretary of state
5 together with a certified copy of the sentence imposed. Upon
6 receipt of a certificate of identification, windshield placard,
7 or free parking sticker from a judge or magistrate, the secretary
8 of state shall cancel and destroy the certificate, placard, or
9 sticker, and the disabled person to whom it was issued shall not
10 receive another certificate, placard, or sticker until he or she
11 submits a completed application and presents a current medical
12 statement attesting to his or her condition. A law enforcement
13 officer who observes a misuse of a certificate of identification,
14 windshield placard, or free parking sticker may immediately
15 confiscate the certificate, placard, or sticker and forward it
16 with a copy of his or her report to the secretary of state.
17 (15) A person who intentionally makes a false statement of
18 material fact or commits or attempts to commit a deception or
19 fraud on a medical statement attesting to a disability, submitted
20 in support of an application for a certificate of identification,
21 windshield placard, free parking sticker, special registration
22 plate plates, or tab tabs for persons with
disabilities under
23 this section, section 803d, or section 803f, is guilty of a
24 misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not more than $500.00 or
25 imprisonment for not more than 30 days, or both.
26 (16) A person who commits or attempts to commit a deception
27 or fraud by 1 or more of the following methods is guilty of a
1 misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than $500.00 or
2 imprisonment for not more than 30 days, or both:
3 (a) Using a certificate of identification, windshield
4 placard, or free parking sticker issued under this section or by
5 another state to provide transportation to a disabled person,
6 when the person is not providing transportation to a disabled
7 person.
8 (b) Altering, modifying, or selling a certificate of
9 identification, windshield placard, or free parking sticker
10 issued under this section or by another state.
11 (c) Copying or forging a certificate of identification,
12 windshield placard, or free parking sticker described in this
13 section or selling a copied or forged certificate, placard, or
14 sticker described in this section. In the case of a violation of
15 this subdivision, the fine described in this subsection shall be
16 not less than $250.00.
17 (d) Using a copied or forged certificate of identification,
18 windshield placard, or free parking sticker described in this
19 section.
20 (e) Making a false statement of material fact to obtain or
21 assist an individual in obtaining a certificate, placard, or
22 sticker described in this section, a special registration plate
23
plates under section 803d, or a tab tabs for
persons with
24 disabilities under section 803f.
25 (f) Knowingly using or displaying a certificate, placard, or
26 sticker described in this section that has been canceled by the
27 secretary of state.
1 (17) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person
2 who violates this section is responsible for a civil infraction.
3 (18) A certificate of identification issued before October
4 1, 1994 and containing an expiration date is valid for free
5 parking in a space controlled or regulated by a meter on a public
6 highway or in a publicly owned parking area or structure when the
7 time for parking indicated on the meter has expired, or in a
8 parking space clearly identified by an official sign as being
9 reserved for use by disabled persons that is on public property
10 or private property available for public use, until the
11 expiration date printed on the certificate. The certificate
12 expires and shall be canceled on its expiration date.
13 (19) A certificate of identification issued before October
14 1, 1994 that does not contain an expiration date expires and
15 shall be canceled on October 1, 1994.
16 (20) A certificate of identification shall not be issued or
17 renewed by the secretary of state after October 1, 1994.
18 (21) The secretary of state may cancel, revoke, or suspend a
19 windshield placard, free parking sticker, or certificate of
20 identification under any of the following circumstances:
21 (a) The secretary of state determines that a windshield
22 placard, free parking sticker, or certificate of identification
23 was fraudulently or erroneously issued.
24 (b) The secretary of state determines that a person has made
25 or is making an unlawful use of his or her windshield placard,
26 free parking sticker, or certificate of identification.
27 (c) The secretary of state determines that a check or draft
1 used to pay the required fee is not paid on its first
2 presentation and is not paid upon reasonable notice or demand or
3 that the required fee is paid by an invalid credit card.
4 (d) The secretary of state determines that the person is no
5 longer eligible to receive or use a windshield placard, free
6 parking sticker, or certificate of identification.
7 (e) The secretary of state determines that the owner has
8 committed an offense under this act involving a windshield
9 placard, free parking sticker, or certificate of identification.
10 (f) A person has violated this act and the secretary of
11 state is authorized under this act to cancel, revoke, or suspend
12 a windshield placard, free parking sticker, or certificate of
13 identification for that violation.
14 (g) The secretary of state receives notice from another
15 state or foreign country that a windshield placard, free parking
16 sticker, or certificate of identification issued by the secretary
17 of state has been surrendered by the owner or seized in
18 conformity with the laws of that other state or foreign country,
19 or has been improperly used or displayed in violation of the laws
20 of that other state or foreign country.
21 (22) Before a cancellation, revocation, or suspension under
22 subsection (21), the person affected thereby by the cancellation,
23 revocation, or suspension shall be given notice and an
24 opportunity to be heard.
25 (23) A windshield placard issued to a disabled person shall
26 bear the first letter and the last 3 digits of the disabled
27 person's driver's or chauffeur's license number or the first
1 letter and the last 4 digits of the number on his or her official
2 state personal identification card issued under 1972 PA 222, MCL
3 28.291 to 28.300.
4 (24) For purposes of this section only, the secretary of
5 state may accept an application for a windshield placard, special
6 registration plate, plates,
or free parking sticker from a
7 disabled person that is signed by a physician, physician
8 assistant, or certified nurse practitioner licensed or certified
9 to practice in another state if the application is accompanied by
10 a copy of that physician's, physician assistant's, or certified
11 nurse practitioner's current medical license or certification
12 issued by that state.
13 (25) This section does not require new or additional third
14 party reimbursement or worker's compensation benefits for
15 services rendered.
16 Sec. 686. (1) A motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, pole
17 trailer, or vehicle which that is being drawn in a
train of
18 vehicles shall be equipped with at least 1 rear lamp mounted on
19 the rear, which, when lighted as required by this act, shall emit
20 a red light plainly visible from a distance of 500 feet to the
21 rear.
22 (2) Either a tail lamp or a separate lamp shall be
23 constructed and placed so as to illuminate with a white light the
24 rear registration plate and render it clearly legible from a
25 distance of 50 feet to the rear. A tail lamp or tail lamps,
26 together with any separate lamp for illuminating the rear
27 registration plate, shall be wired so as to be lighted whenever
1 the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted.
2 (3) A motor vehicle licensed as an historic vehicle is
3 exempt from the requirements of this section if the vehicle as
4 originally equipped failed to meet these requirements.
5 (4) When operated or moved on a highway at the times
6 specified in section 684, an implement of husbandry shall meet
7 either of the following requirements:
8 (a) For implements of husbandry manufactured before January
9 1, 2007, the following:
10 (i) Display
lighted rear lamps which that
meet the
11 requirements of subsection (1).
12 (ii) Be
accompanied by a vehicle which that
follows behind
13 the implement of husbandry at a distance of not more than 50
14 feet, illuminates the implement of husbandry with the vehicle's
15 headlights, and displays on the rear of the vehicle lighted rear
16 lamps as required by this section.
17 (b) For implements of husbandry manufactured on or after
18 January 1, 2007, the provisions of section 684a.
19 (5) A pickup camper shall be attached to the motor vehicle
20 in a manner so that the rear registration plate of the motor
21 vehicle is clearly visible.
22 Sec. 801h. (1) Notwithstanding any other provision in this
23 act, the owner or lessee of a fleet of 25 or more vehicles that
24 are or will be registered under section 801 may apply to the
25 secretary of state for special registration plates for any number
26 of 25 or more vehicles in a fleet. An application shall be on a
27 form prescribed by the secretary of state and include an
1 agreement that, at a minimum, the applicant agrees to pay annual
2 fleet registration taxes under this section.
3 (2) Upon approval of the application and payment of the
4 required registration taxes, the secretary of state may issue the
5 applicant a registration plate plates under
section 224 and a
6 registration certificate under section 222 for each vehicle. The
7 registration plate and certificate shall each be in a format as
8 prescribed by the secretary of state.
9 (3) The name, emblem, trademark, or logo of the company
10 issued fleet registration plates under this section shall be
11 prominently displayed on the right and left sides of all vehicles
12 registered under this section by that applicant. The name,
13 emblem, trademark, or logo shall contain letters, figures, or
14 numerals in sharp contrast to the background of the name, emblem,
15 trademark, or logo and shall be of such size, shape, and color as
16 to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 50
17 feet.
18 (4) The registration tax for each vehicle registered under
19 this section shall be paid annually. Registration taxes under
20 this section are payable in full not later than the due date
21 provided in section 226. If the owner of a vehicle registered
22 under this section fails to pay the annual registration tax for
23 that vehicle or fails to comply with the terms of the fleet
24 registration plate agreement provided in subsection (1), the
25 secretary of state shall immediately suspend the registration of
26 all vehicles registered by that owner under this section. The
27 registration shall remain suspended and the owner shall not apply
1 for the registration or reregistration of a vehicle under this
2 section until payment in full of the tax owed is made. After
3 providing notice to the owner, the secretary of state shall
4 notify law enforcement of any plate plates suspended
under this
5 section.
6 (5) At any time an owner or lessee in good standing may add
7 a vehicle to the list of vehicles registered under this section.
8 To add a vehicle, the owner or lessee shall make application to
9 the secretary of state, in a form prescribed by the secretary of
10 state, accompanied by the registration taxes required under
11 section 801.
12 (6) At any time an An owner or lessee may
delete at any time
13 the registration of a vehicle from the list of vehicles
14 registered under this section. To delete a vehicle, the owner
15 shall notify the secretary of state of the proposed deletion in a
16 form prescribed by the secretary of state and surrender to the
17 secretary of state the registration plate plates assigned
to the
18 deleted vehicle.
19 (7) A vehicle not titled or leased in the name of the
20 applicant is not eligible for registration under this section. A
21 vehicle registered under section 801g is not eligible for
22 registration under this section. Passenger vehicle rental fleets
23 are not eligible for registration under this section.
24 (8) The secretary of state or the authorized representative
25 of the secretary of state may visit and examine the vehicle
26 registration records of an owner whose vehicles are registered
27 under this act. This authority only applies to visits during the
1 regular business hours of the owner and to those vehicles and
2 records necessary for the secretary of state to determine an
3 owner's compliance with this section.
4 Sec. 803a. (1) The secretary of state may issue to the owner
5 of an historic vehicle an 2 historic vehicle
registration plate
6 which shall bear plates
bearing the inscription
"historical
7 vehicle - Michigan" and the registration number.
8 (2) The owner of an historic vehicle applying for an
9 historic vehicle registration plate plates or
a registration tab
10 tabs under this section shall pay a fee of $30.00, shall certify
11 that the vehicle for which the registration is requested is owned
12 and operated solely as an historic vehicle, and shall certify
13 that the vehicle has been inspected and found safe to operate on
14 the highways of this state. The registration certificate need not
15 specify the weight of the historic vehicle. The registration
16 issued under this section is transferable to another historic
17 vehicle upon completion of the application for transfer and
18 payment of the fee in the manner described in section 809.
19 (3) A registration issued under this section shall expire on
20 April 15 in the tenth year following the date of issuance of the
21 registration.
22 (4) The secretary of state may revoke a registration issued
23 under this section, for cause shown and after a hearing, for
24 failure of the applicant to comply with this section, for use of
25 the vehicle for which the registration was issued for purposes
26 other than those enumerated in section 20a, or because the
27 vehicle is not safe to operate on the highways of this state.
1 Sec. 803b. (1) The secretary of state may issue 1 2
2 personalized vehicle registration plate plates that
shall be used
3 on the passenger motor vehicle, pick-up truck, motorcycle, van,
4 motor home, hearse, bus, trailer coach, or trailer for which the
5 plate is plates are issued instead of a standard plate. plates.
6 For a motorcycle, the secretary of state may issue 1 personalized
7 registration plate that shall be used on the motorcycle instead
8 of a standard plate. Personalized plates shall bear letters and
9 numbers as the secretary of state prescribes. The secretary of
10 state shall not issue a letter combination that might carry a
11 connotation offensive to good taste and decency. The personalized
12 plates shall be made of the same material as standard plates.
13 Personalized plates shall not be a duplication of another
14 registration plate.
15 (2) An application for a personalized registration plate or
16 plates shall be submitted to the secretary of state under section
17 217. Application for an original personalized registration plate
18 or plates shall be accompanied with payment of a service fee of
19 $8.00 for the first month and of $2.00 per month for each
20 additional month of the registration period in addition to the
21 regular vehicle registration fee. A second or third duplicate
22 registration plate may be obtained by requesting that option on
23 the application and paying an additional service fee of $5.00.
24 The original and duplicate service fees shall be deposited in the
25 transportation administration collection fund created in section
26 810b through October 1, 2015. Application for the renewal of a
27 personalized registration plate or plates shall be accompanied
1 with payment of a service fee of $15.00 in addition to the
2 regular vehicle registration fee. The service fee shall be
3 credited to the Michigan transportation fund established under,
4 and shall be allocated as prescribed under, section 10 of 1951 PA
5 51, MCL 247.660. The amount allocated to the state trunk line
6 fund established under section 11 of 1951 PA 51, MCL 247.661,
7 shall be used by the state transportation department for litter
8 pickup and cleanup on state roads and rights of way.
9 (3) The expiration date for a personalized registration
10 plate or plates shall be as prescribed under section 226. Upon
11 the issuance or renewal of a personalized registration plate or
12 plates, the secretary of state may issue a tab or tabs
13 designating the month and year of expiration. Upon the renewal of
14 a personalized registration plate or plates, the secretary of
15 state shall issue a new tab or tabs for the rear plate
16 designating the next expiration date of the plate or plates. Upon
17 renewal, the secretary of state shall not issue the owner a new
18 exact duplicate or duplicates of the expired plate or plates
19 unless the plate is or
plates are illegible and the owner pays
20 the service fee and registration fee for an original personalized
21 registration plate or plates.
22 (4) The sequence of letters or numbers or combination of
23 letters and numbers on a personalized plate or plates shall not
24 be given to a different person in a subsequent year unless the
25 person to whom the plate was or plates were issued does
not
26 reapply before the expiration date of the plate or plates.
27 (5) An applicant who applies for a registration plate or
1 plates under section 217d, 803e, 803f, 803j, 803k, 803l, 803n, or
2 803o is eligible to request, and the secretary of state may
3 issue, the registration plate or plates with a sequence of
4 letters and numbers otherwise authorized under this section.
5 (6) The secretary of state may issue a temporary permit to a
6 person who has submitted an application and the proper fees for a
7 personalized registration plate or plates if the applicant's
8 vehicle registration may expire prior to expires before receipt
9 of his or her personalized registration plate or plates. The
10 temporary registration shall be valid for not more than 60 days
11 after the date of issuance. The temporary permit shall be issued
12 without a fee.
13 Sec. 803e. (1) A person who has been a prisoner of war or a
14 person whose spouse has been a prisoner of war may make
15 application to the secretary of state for a special registration
16 plate that shall be plates
inscribed with special identification
17 numbers preceded by the letters "EX-POW" and shall have the
words
18 "ex-prisoner of war" inscribed beneath the registration number.
19 (2) A person who was a member of the armed services during
20 World War I may make application to the secretary of state for a
21 special registration plate, that shall be plates inscribed
with
22 special identification numbers preceded by the letters "WWI" and
23 shall have the words
"World War I veteran" inscribed beneath the
24 registration number.
25 (3) A person who was a member of the armed services during
26 1941, stationed at a United States military or naval
27 establishment at Pearl Harbor in the Hawaiian islands, and who
1 survived the attack by Japan on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941
2 may make application to the secretary of state for a special
3 registration plate, that shall be plates inscribed with
special
4 identification numbers and shall have the words "Pearl
Harbor
5 survivor" inscribed beneath the registration number.
6 (4) A person who is a recipient of the purple heart medal
7 may make application to the secretary of state for a special
8 registration plate that shall be plates inscribed with
special
9 identification numbers and shall have the words "combat
wounded
10 veteran" inscribed beneath the registration number. In addition,
11 the special registration plate plates described under in this
12 subsection shall be inscribed with a vignette of the official
13 purple heart medal.
14 (5) Application for a special registration plate plates
15 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
16 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant having been a
17 prisoner of war, World War I veteran, Pearl Harbor survivor,
18 recipient of the purple heart medal that the secretary of state
19 may require. Application for a the "Gold Star
Family" special
20 registration plate plates
described in subsection (9) shall be on
21 a form prescribed by the secretary of state and shall be
22 accompanied by any proof of the applicant having been a gold star
23 family member that the secretary of state may require. The
24 application for a special registration plate plates shall
also be
25 accompanied with payment of a $5.00 service fee.
26 (6) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
27 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
1 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
2 vehicle. A person who is disabled who makes application for a
3 special registration plate plates under this section
and who
4 makes payment of pays
the $5.00 service fee shall be issued a
tab
5 tabs for persons with disabilities as provided in section 803f
6 for his or her special registration plate. plates. The
secretary
7 of state shall require the same proof that the applicant is a
8 disabled person as is required for issuance of a permanent
9 windshield placard under section 675. One person in any household
10 is entitled to 1 2
special registration plate plates issued
under
11 subsection (1) that is are
exempt from payment of the tax
12 provided in section 801. The person who is issued an additional 2
13 special registration plate plates under subsection (1)
shall be
14 assessed the applicable tax provided for in section 801. A person
15 issued 1 or more special registration plates under subsection
16 (2), (3), (4), or (9) shall be assessed the applicable tax
17 provided in section 801.
18 (7) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
19 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is plates are
20 issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this section,
21 is a misdemeanor.
22 (8) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
23 section expires expire
on the birthday of the vehicle owner in
a
24 year in which new plates are issued by the secretary of state.
25 Application for renewal of the special registration plate plates
26 shall be accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant is not
27 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (5).
1 (9) A gold star family member may make application to the
2 secretary of state for a special registration plate that
shall be
3 plates inscribed with special identification numbers preceded by
4 a gold star and shall have the words "Gold Star
Family" inscribed
5 beneath the registration number.
6 (10) As used in this section, "gold star family member"
7 means a person who has had an immediate family member die while
8 serving in the United States armed forces or in forces
9 incorporated as part of the United States armed forces if the
10 immediate family member meets any of the eligibility criteria
11 specified in 10 USC 1126(a)(1) to (3) for a gold star lapel
12 button.
13 Sec. 803f. (1) A person who is a totally disabled veteran
14 with an honorable discharge from the armed services may make an
15 application to the secretary of state if he or she owns a private
16 passenger motor vehicle, and the secretary of state may issue a
17 special registration plate which shall be plates inscribed
with
18 special identification numbers preceded by the letters "DV" and
19 shall have the words
"disabled veteran" inscribed beneath the
20 registration number. For the purposes of this section, "private
21 passenger motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle which is
22 personally owned by the disabled veteran and is used for the
23 primary purpose of transporting the disabled veteran and family
24 members of the disabled veteran, but does not include a motor
25 home.
26 (2) Application for the special registration plate plates
27 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
1 shall be accompanied by a service fee of $5.00 and proof that the
2 applicant was honorably discharged from the armed services and
3 either 1 of the following:
4 (a) That the applicant has been determined by the veterans'
5 administration of the federal government to have a service-
6 connected total or permanent total disability rating for
7 compensation.
8 (b) That the applicant has been determined to have a
9 service-connected total or permanent total disability rating and
10 is receiving disability retirement pay from a branch of the
11 uniformed armed services.
12 (3) A special registration issued under this section is
13 exempt from payment of the tax provided in section 801.
14 (4) The special registration plate plates shall
expire on
15 the birthday of the disabled veteran in a year in which new
16 plates are issued by the secretary of state. Application for
17 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
18 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
19 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (2).
20 (5) The secretary of state may issue to a disabled person
21 who has been issued a special registration plate plates under
22 this section a tab tabs
for persons with disabilities. The tab
23
tabs for persons with disabilities
shall be an adhesive tab tabs
24 displaying the international wheelchair symbol or a reasonable
25 facsimile of that symbol. The tab tabs for persons with
26 disabilities may be attached only to the special registration
27 plate plates issued to the disabled person under this section.
1 (6) An application for a tab tabs for
persons with
2 disabilities shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of
3 state. The secretary of state shall require the same proof that
4 the applicant is a disabled person as is required for issuance of
5 a permanent windshield placard under section 675.
6 (7) The tab tabs
for persons with disabilities shall be
7 issued free of charge.
8 (8) When a disabled person who has been issued a tab tabs
9 for persons with disabilities renews his or her special
10 registration plate plates
under this section, the secretary of
11 state shall issue a new tab tabs for
persons with disabilities to
12 the disabled person, free of charge. The disabled person shall
13 not be required to again furnish the proof required under
14 subsection (6).
15 (9) The use of the special registration plate plates or
a
16 tab tabs for persons with disabilities on a motor vehicle
other
17 than the motor vehicle for which the special registration plate
18 is plates are issued, or by a person who does not qualify under
19 this section, is a misdemeanor.
20 Sec. 803h. (1) The secretary of state may issue a tab tabs
21 for persons with disabilities to a disabled person who is issued
22 or has been issued a Michigan motor vehicle registration plate
23
plates other than a section 803d
registration plate plates for
24 persons with disabilities. The tab tabs for
persons with
25 disabilities shall be an adhesive tab tabs displaying
the
26 international wheelchair symbol or a reasonable facsimile of that
27 symbol. The use of a tab for persons with disabilities on a
1 registration plate other than the plate for which the tab was
2 issued or by a person who does not qualify as a disabled person
3 is a misdemeanor.
4 (2) A tab Tabs
for persons with disabilities shall not
be
5 used on a registration plate plates attached
to a motor vehicle
6 owned and operated by this state; a state institution; a
7 municipality; a governmental unit; a nonprofit organization; the
8 civil air patrol; or a nonprofit, nonpublic college or
9 university; or on a commercial motor vehicle. A tab Tabs for
10 persons with disabilities shall not be placed on a registration
11 plate plates used for intransit-repair or repossession of a motor
12 vehicle.
13 Sec. 803i. (1) A person who was or is a member of the
14 national guard may apply to the secretary of state for a special
15 registration plate or plates
that shall display an
appropriate
16 vignette preceding the registration numbers and shall have the
17 words "national guard" inscribed beneath the registration numbers
18 for passenger vehicles only.
19 (2) A person who was or is a member of the military reserve
20 may apply to the secretary of state for a special registration
21 plate plates that shall display an appropriate vignette
preceding
22 the registration numbers.
23 (3) A person who was a member of any branch of the armed
24 services of the United States, who has retired or been granted an
25 honorable discharge from that branch of the armed forces, and who
26 is not otherwise eligible for a special registration plate or
27 plates under this act may apply to the secretary of state for a
1 special registration plate or
plates that shall display an
2 appropriate vignette preceding the registration numbers.
3 (4) Application for a special registration plate or plates
4 under this section shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary
5 of state and shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant
6 being or having been a member of the national guard or military
7 reserve or a member of any branch of the armed services of the
8 United States as described in subsection (3) that the secretary
9 of state may require. The application for a special registration
10 plate or plates shall also be accompanied with payment of a $5.00
11 service fee.
12 (5) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
13 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
14 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
15 vehicle or, for the purposes of subsection (1) or (3), 1 special
16 registration plate for use on a motorcycle. A person who is
17 disabled who applies for a special registration plate under this
18 section and who pays the $5.00 service fee shall be issued a tab
19 tabs for persons with disabilities as provided in section 803f
20 for his or her special registration plate. plates. The
secretary
21 of state shall require the same proof that the applicant is a
22 disabled person as is required for issuance of a permanent
23 windshield placard under section 675. A person issued 1 or more
24 special registration plates under subsection (1), (2), or (3)
25 shall be assessed the applicable tax provided in section 801.
26 (6) The use of a special registration plate or plates on a
27 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is or plates
1 are issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this
2 section, is a misdemeanor.
3 (7) The special registration plate or plates issued under
4 this section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner.
5 When new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application
6 for renewal of the special registration plate or plates shall be
7 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
8 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (4).
9 Sec. 803j. (1) A person who was a member of the armed
10 services or a person whose spouse was a member of the armed
11 forces during the Korean War may make application to the
12 secretary of state for a special registration plate, which
shall
13 plates that display an appropriate vignette preceding the
14 registration numbers and shall have the word "veteran"
inscribed
15 beneath the registration numbers.
16 (2) Application for a special registration plate plates
17 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
18 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant or the
19 applicant's spouse having been a Korean War veteran that the
20 secretary of state may require. The application for a special
21 registration plate plates
shall also be accompanied with payment
22 of a $5.00 service fee.
23 (3) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
24 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
25 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
26 vehicle. A person who is disabled who makes application for a
27 special registration plate under this section and who makes
1 payment of pays the $5.00 service fee shall be issued a tab tabs
2 for persons with disabilities as provided in section 803f for his
3 or her special registration plate. plates. The
secretary of state
4 shall require the same proof that the applicant is a disabled
5 person as is required for issuance of a permanent windshield
6 placard under section 675. A person issued 1 or more special
7 registration plates under subsection (1) shall be assessed the
8 applicable tax provided in section 801.
9 (4) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
10 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is plates are
11 issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this section,
12 is a misdemeanor.
13 (5) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
14 section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner. When
15 new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application for
16 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
17 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
18 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (2).
19 Sec. 803k. (1) A person who was a member of the armed
20 services during the Vietnam War or a person whose spouse was a
21 member of the armed services during the Vietnam War may make
22 application to the secretary of state for a special registration
23 plate, which shall plates
that display an appropriate vignette
24 preceding the registration numbers and shall have the word
25 "veteran" inscribed beneath the registration numbers.
26 (2) Application for a special registration plate plates
27 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
1 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant or applicant's
2 spouse having been a Vietnam War veteran that the secretary of
3 state may require. The application for a special registration
4 plate plates shall also be accompanied with payment of a $5.00
5 service fee.
6 (3) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
7 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
8 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
9 vehicle. A person who is disabled who makes application for a
10 special registration plate plates under this section
and who
11 makes payment of pays
the $5.00 service fee shall be issued a
tab
12 tabs for persons with disabilities as provided in section 803f
13 for his or her special registration plate. plates. The
secretary
14 of state shall require the same proof that the applicant is a
15 disabled person as is required for issuance of a permanent
16 windshield placard under section 675. A person issued 1 or more
17 special registration plates under subsection (1) shall be
18 assessed the applicable tax provided in section 801.
19 (4) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
20 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is plates are
21 issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this section,
22 is a misdemeanor.
23 (5) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
24 section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner. When
25 new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application for
26 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
27 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
1 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (2).
2 Sec. 803l. (1) A person who was a member of the armed
3 services during World War II or a person whose spouse was a
4 member of the armed services during World War II may make
5 application to the secretary of state for a special registration
6 plate, which shall plates
that display an appropriate vignette
7 preceding the registration numbers and shall have the word
8 "veteran" inscribed beneath the registration numbers.
9 (2) Application for a special registration plate plates
10 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
11 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant or applicant's
12 spouse having been a World War II veteran that the secretary of
13 state may require. The application for a special registration
14 plate plates shall also be accompanied with payment of a $5.00
15 service fee.
16 (3) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
17 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 2 special
registration
18 plate plates for each applicant for use on a passenger vehicle. A
19 person who is disabled who makes application for a special
20 registration plate plates
under this section and who makes
21 payment of pays the $5.00 service fee shall be issued a tab tabs
22 for persons with disabilities as provided in section 803f for his
23 or her special registration plate. plates. The
secretary of state
24 shall require the same proof that the applicant is a disabled
25 person as is required for issuance of a permanent windshield
26 placard under section 675. A person issued a special
registration
27 plate plates under subsection (1) shall be assessed the
1 applicable tax provided in section 801.
2 (4) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
3 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is plates are
4 issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this section,
5 is a misdemeanor.
6 (5) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
7 section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner. When
8 new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application for
9 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
10 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
11 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (2).
12 Sec. 803n. (1) A person who was a member or a person whose
13 spouse was a member of the Michigan national guard, the United
14 States armed forces reserve, or any branch of the armed services
15 of the United States and who was called to active duty during the
16 Persian Gulf War may apply to the secretary of state for a
17 special registration plate, which shall plates that display an
18 appropriate vignette preceding the registration numbers and shall
19 have the word "veteran" inscribed beneath the registration
20 numbers.
21 (2) A person who was a member or a person whose spouse was a
22 member of the armed services during the conflict in Grenada, the
23 conflict in Panama, or the conflict in Lebanon may apply to the
24 secretary of state for a special registration plate, which
shall
25 plates that display an appropriate vignette preceding the
26 registration numbers and shall have the word "veteran"
inscribed
27 beneath the registration numbers.
1 (3) Application for a special registration plate plates
2 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
3 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant or applicant's
4 spouse having been a war or conflict veteran that the secretary
5 of state may require. The application for a special registration
6 plate plates shall also be accompanied with payment of a $5.00
7 service fee.
8 (4) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
9 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
10 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
11 vehicle. A person who is disabled who applies for a special
12 registration plate plates
under this section and who pays the
13 $5.00 service fee shall be issued a tab tabs for
persons with
14 disabilities as provided in section 803f for his or her special
15 registration plate. plates.
The secretary of state shall require
16 the same proof that the applicant is a disabled person as is
17 required for issuance of a permanent windshield placard under
18 section 675. A person issued 1 or more special registration
19 plates under subsection (1) or (2) shall be assessed the
20 applicable tax provided in section 801.
21 (5) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
22 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is plates are
23 issued, or by a person who does not qualify under this section,
24 is a misdemeanor.
25 (6) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
26 section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner. When
27 new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application for
1 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
2 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
3 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (3).
4 Sec. 803o. (1) On and after December 18, 1992, a person who
5 was a member or a person whose spouse was a member of the
6 Michigan national guard, the United States armed forces reserve,
7 or any branch of the armed services of the United States and who
8 was called to active duty during a declared war or an armed
9 conflict in which the United States was a participant may apply
10 to the secretary of state for a special registration plate,
which
11 shall plates that display an appropriate vignette preceding the
12 registration numbers and shall have the word "veteran"
inscribed
13 beneath the registration numbers.
14 (2) Application for a special registration plate plates
15 shall be on a form prescribed by the secretary of state, and
16 shall be accompanied by any proof of the applicant or applicant's
17 spouse having been a veteran of a declared war or an armed
18 conflict in which the United States was a participant that the
19 secretary of state may require. The application for a special
20 registration plate plates
shall also be accompanied with payment
21 of a $5.00 service fee.
22 (3) Upon proper application and payment of the $5.00 service
23 fee, the secretary of state shall issue 1 or more 2 special
24 registration plates for each applicant for use on a passenger
25 vehicle. A person who is disabled who applies for a special
26 registration plate plates
under this section and who pays the
27 $5.00 service fee shall be issued a tabtabs
for persons with
1 disabilities as provided in section 803f for his or her special
2 registration plate. plates.
The secretary of state shall require
3 the same proof that the applicant is a disabled person as is
4 required for issuance of a permanent windshield placard under
5 section 675. A person issued 1 or more special registration
6 plates under subsection (1) shall be assessed the applicable tax
7 provided in section 801.
8 (4) The use of a special registration plate plates on
a
9 vehicle other than the vehicle for which the plate is issued, or
10 by a person who does not qualify under this section, is a
11 misdemeanor.
12 (5) The special registration plate plates issued
under this
13 section shall expire on the birthday of the vehicle owner. When
14 new plates are issued by the secretary of state, application for
15 renewal of the special registration plate plates shall
be
16 accompanied by a $5.00 service fee. The applicant shall not be
17 required to furnish the proof provided in subsection (2).
18 Sec. 804. (1) In addition to any other fees required under
19 this act, a $5.00 service fee shall be paid with each application
20 for each distinctive or commemorative plate or set of distinctive
21 or commemorative plates provided for in this act to cover
22 manufacturing and issuance costs unless these costs are otherwise
23 specifically provided for in this act.
24 (2) Each applicant for a duplicate or replacement license
25 registration plate or set of plates provided for in this act
26 shall pay the following service fee to the secretary of state, in
27 addition to any other fees required under this act:
1 (a) Five dollars for a standard or graphic standard plate or
2 set of plates, personalized registration plate or set of plates,
3 veterans special registration plate or set of plates, or other
4 registration plate or set of plates for which the duplicate or
5 replacement fee has not been specified in this act.
6 (b) Ten dollars for a set of plates provided for in section
7 803m.
8 (c) Ten dollars for each set of fund-raising registration
9 plate plates issued under section 811e or 811f, or collector
10 plate described in section 811g.
11 (3) The service fees collected under this section shall be
12 deposited in the transportation administration collection fund
13 created in section 810b through October 1, 2015.
14 Sec. 805. (1) An applicant for the issuance or renewal of a
15 motor vehicle registration or for a replacement registration tab
16 or tabs or sticker or stickers may submit a state park and state-
17 operated public boating access site passport fee to the secretary
18 of state with the application. Subject to subsection (7), the
19 amount of the recreation passport fee is as follows:
20 (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), $10.00.
21 (b) For a motorcycle, $5.00.
22 (2) In addition to the requirements of section 217, an
23 application for a motor vehicle registration shall contain at
24 least the following information, in substantially the following
25 format and language, except that the amount of the recreation
26 passport fee specified shall be $5.00 for a motorcycle:
1 |
|
$[Amount] – Annual vehicle registration or renewal. |
2 |
|
$10.00 – Annual authorization to use this vehicle for |
3 |
|
unlimited entry into all Michigan state parks |
4 |
|
and recreation areas and DNR-operated state |
5 |
|
boating access sites. (Check one of the |
6 |
|
boxes below.) |
7 |
|
____ I elect to pay this $10.00 fee. |
8 |
|
____ I elect not to pay this $10.00 fee. |
9 |
|
This vehicle will not be used to enter the |
10 |
|
facilities described above. |
11 |
|
$________ – Total amount due. |
12 (3) The secretary of state may revise the format and
13 language of an application for motor vehicle registration to
14 reflect the fact that, under sections 74116 and 78119 of the
15 natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451,
16 MCL 324.74116 and 324.78119, payment of the recreation passport
17 fee authorizes entry into all state parks and recreation areas
18 and designated state-operated public boating access sites until
19 expiration of the motor vehicle registration.
20 (4) If the applicant applies by mail and, in addition to the
21 registration fee, the applicant pays an amount equal to the
22 recreation passport fee, the applicant shall be considered to
23 have elected to pay the recreation passport fee regardless of
24 whether such an election is indicated on the application.
25 (5) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to any of the
26 following:
27 (a) An application submitted by a dealer under section 217
28 for a vehicle sold, leased, or exchanged by the dealer.
1 (b) The issuance or renewal of a motor vehicle registration
2 described in section 803e(1) and exempt under section 803e(6)
3 from the registration tax or the issuance or renewal of a motor
4 vehicle registration described in section 217d or 803f.
5 (6) The secretary of state shall, at least monthly, transfer
6 the revenue from recreation passport fees to the department of
7 natural resources and environment for deposit as provided in
8 section 2045 of the natural resources and environmental
9 protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.2045.
10 (7) For each calendar year, the state treasurer shall adjust
11 the amounts set forth in subsection (1) by an amount determined
12 by the state treasurer to reflect the cumulative percentage
13 change in the consumer price index from October 1, 2010 to the
14 October 1 immediately preceding that calendar year, using the
15 most recent data available and rounded to the nearest dollar.
16 (8) The legislature shall annually review the amount of
17 revenue raised by the recreation passport fee to ensure that the
18 amount is appropriate for the purposes for which the recreation
19 passport fee is assessed and in compliance with law.
20 (9) If the secretary of state issues a registration tab or
21 tabs or sticker or stickers for a registration plate or plates or
22 personalized registration plate or plates under section 224 or
23 803b for a motor vehicle for which a recreation passport fee has
24 been paid under this section, the tab or tabs or sticker or
25 stickers shall be marked in a distinctive manner determined by
26 the secretary of state after consultation with the director of
27 the department of natural resources and the department of state
1 police. Before discontinuing the issuance of a registration tab
2 or tabs or sticker or stickers, the secretary of state shall
3 consult with the director of the department of natural resources
4 and establish an alternative method or procedure by which the
5 department of natural resources can determine whether a
6 recreation passport fee has been paid for a motor vehicle.
7 (10) Whether or not an individual paid or indicated that he
8 or she elected to pay or not to pay a recreation passport fee
9 under this section is personal information for purposes of
10 section 40b.
11 (11) As used in this section:
12 (a) "Consumer price index" means the most comprehensive
13 index of consumer prices available for this state from the bureau
14 of labor statistics of the United States department of labor.
15 (b) "Motor vehicle" does not include a commercial motor
16 vehicle.
17 (c) "Recreation passport fee" means the state park and
18 state-operated public boating access site recreation passport fee
19 as provided for in subsection (1).
20 Sec. 811f. (1) The secretary of state may, upon application,
21 issue 1 2 fund-raising plate plates instead
of a 2 standard
22 registration plate plates
to a person for use on a passenger
23 motor vehicle or motor home or a pickup truck or van used
24 exclusively to transport personal possessions or family members
25 for nonbusiness purposes.
26 (2) A person may be issued a fund-raising plate plates for
27 use on a vehicle under this act by applying to the secretary of
1 state pursuant to section 217. An application for an original
2 fund-raising plate plates
shall be accompanied by a $25.00 fund-
3 raising donation, payment of the regular vehicle registration tax
4 prescribed under this act, and a $10.00 service fee. An
5 application for renewal of a fund-raising plate plates shall
be
6 accompanied by payment of the vehicle registration tax required
7 under section 801 and a $10.00 fund-raising donation. Application
8 for a replacement fund-raising plate plates shall
be accompanied
9 by payment of only the fee prescribed under section 804.
10 (3) The secretary of state may issue a personalized fund-
11 raising plate plates
upon application and the payment of the
12 personalized registration plate fee prescribed under section 803b
13 in addition to the fees and donations prescribed under subsection
14 (2) and the regular vehicle registration tax prescribed under
15 this act.
16 (4) A disabled person who applies for a fund-raising plate
17 plates under this section and who pays the required service fees
18 shall be issued, as determined by the secretary of state, a
19 disabled person's plate plates
as provided in section 803d for
20 his or her fund-raising plate. plates. The secretary of
state
21 shall require the same proof that the applicant is a disabled
22 person as is required for issuance of a permanent windshield
23 placard under section 675.
24 (5) A fund-raising plate expires Fund-raising plates expire
25 pursuant to section 226. The secretary of state may issue a tab
26 or tabs designating the
month and year of expiration for an
27 original or renewal fund-raising plate.plates.
1 (6) The secretary of state may issue a temporary
2 registration permit permits
to a person who submits an
3 application and the proper fees and donation for a fund-raising
4 plate, plates, if the applicant's current vehicle registration
5 will expire before his or her receipt of a fund-raising plate.
6 plates. The temporary registration shall expire upon the
7 applicant's receipt of a fund-raising plate plates or
upon the
8 expiration of 30 days after the date of issuance, whichever
9 occurs first. The temporary permit permits shall
be issued
10 without a separate fee.
11 Sec. 904c. (1) When a peace officer detains the driver of a
12 motor vehicle for a violation of a law of this state or local
13 ordinance for which vehicle immobilization is required, the peace
14 officer shall do all of the following:
15 (a) Immediately confiscate the vehicle's registration plate
16
or plates and destroy it.them.
17 (b) Issue a temporary vehicle registration plate or plates
18 for the vehicle in the same form prescribed by the secretary of
19 state for temporary registration plates issued under section 226a
20 or 226b.
21 (c) Place the temporary vehicle registration plate or plates
22 on the vehicle in the manner required by the secretary of state.
23 (d) Notify the secretary of state through the law
24 enforcement information network in a form prescribed by the
25 secretary of state that the registration plate was or plates were
26 confiscated and destroyed, and a temporary plate was or plates
27 were issued.
1 (2) A temporary vehicle registration plate or plates issued
2 under this section is are
valid until the charges against the
3 person are dismissed, the person pleads guilty or nolo contendere
4 to those charges, or the person is found guilty of or is
5 acquitted of those charges.
6 Sec. 904f. The vehicle registration records of the secretary
7 of state shall disclose which vehicles are assigned a temporary
8 registration plate or plates under section 904c or are
9 immobilized under this act.
10 Enacting section 1. This amendatory act takes effect
11 December 31, 2015.