Act No. 438
Public Acts of 2008
Approved by the Governor
January 9, 2009
Filed with the Secretary of State
January 9, 2009
EFFECTIVE DATE: January 9, 2009
STATE OF MICHIGAN
94TH LEGISLATURE
REGULAR SESSION OF 2008
Introduced by Reps. Condino and Bieda
ENROLLED HOUSE BILL No. 5555
AN ACT to amend 1933 PA 167, entitled "An act to provide for the raising of additional public revenue by prescribing certain specific taxes, fees, and charges to be paid to the state for the privilege of engaging in certain business activities; to provide, incident to the enforcement thereof, for the issuance of licenses to engage in such occupations; to provide for the ascertainment, assessment and collection thereof; to appropriate the proceeds thereof; and to prescribe penalties for violations of the provisions of this act," by amending sections 1, 1a, 4g, 4k, 4bb, 12, 18, and21 (MCL 205.51, 205.51a, 205.54g, 205.54k, 205.54bb, 205.62, 205.68, and 205.71), sections 1, 4g, and 4k as amended and sections 12, 18, and 21 as added by 2004 PA 173, section 1a as amended by 2006 PA 434, and section 4bb as added by 2004 PA 301; and to repeal acts and parts of acts.
The People of the State of Michigan enact:
Sec. 1. (1) As used in this act:
(a) "Person" means an individual, firm, partnership, joint venture, association, social club, fraternal organization, municipal or private corporation whether organized for profit or not, company, estate, trust, receiver, trustee, syndicate, the United States, this state, county, or any other group or combination acting as a unit, and includes the plural as well as the singular number, unless the intention to give a more limited meaning is disclosed by the context.
(b) "Sale at retail" or "retail sale" means a sale, lease, or rental of tangible personal property for any purpose other than for resale, sublease, or subrent.
(c) "Gross proceeds" means sales price.
(d) "Sales price" means the total amount of consideration, including cash, credit, property, and services, for which tangible personal property or services are sold, leased, or rented, valued in money, whether received in money or otherwise, and applies to the measure subject to sales tax. Sales price includes the following subparagraphs (i) through(vii) and excludes subparagraphs (viii) through (x):
(i) Seller's cost of the property sold.
(ii) Cost of materials used, labor or service cost, interest, losses, costs of transportation to the seller, taxes imposed on the seller other than taxes imposed by this act, and any other expense of the seller.
(iii) Charges by the seller for any services necessary to complete the sale, other than the following:
(A) An amount received or billed by the taxpayer for remittance to the employee as a gratuity or tip, if the gratuity or tip is separately identified and itemized on the guest check or billed to the customer.
(B) Labor or service charges involved in maintenance and repair work on tangible personal property of others if separately itemized.
(iv) Delivery charges incurred or to be incurred before the completion of the transfer of ownership of tangible personal property subject to the tax levied under this act from the seller to the purchaser. A seller is not liable under this act for delivery charges allocated to the delivery of exempt property.
(v) Installation charges incurred or to be incurred before the completion of the transfer of ownership of tangible personal property from the seller to the purchaser.
(vi) Credit for any trade-in.
(vii) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph (x), consideration received by the seller from third parties if all of the following conditions are met:
(A) The seller actually receives consideration from a party other than the purchaser and the consideration is directly related to a price reduction or discount on the sale.
(B) The seller has an obligation to pass the price reduction or discount through to the purchaser.
(C) The amount of the consideration attributable to the sale is fixed and determinable by the seller at the time of the sale of the item to the purchaser.
(D) One of the following criteria is met:
(I) The purchaser presents a coupon, certificate, or other documentation to the seller to claim a price reduction or discount where the coupon, certificate, or documentation is authorized, distributed, or granted by a third party with the understanding that the third party will reimburse any seller to whom the coupon, certificate, or documentation is presented.
(II) The purchaser identifies himself or herself to the seller as a member of a group or organization entitled to a price reduction or discount. A preferred customer card that is available to any patron does not constitute membership in a group or organization.
(III) The price reduction or discount is identified as a third party price reduction or discount on the invoice received by the purchaser or on a coupon, certificate, or other documentation presented by the purchaser.
(viii) Interest, financing, or carrying charges from credit extended on the sale of personal property or services, if the amount is separately stated on the invoice, bill of sale, or similar document given to the purchaser.
(ix) Any taxes legally imposed directly on the consumer that are separately stated on the invoice, bill of sale, or similar document given to the purchaser.
(x) Beginning January 1, 2000, employee discounts that are reimbursed by a third party on sales of motor vehicles.
(e) "Business" includes an activity engaged in by a person or caused to be engaged in by that person with the object of gain, benefit, or advantage, either direct or indirect.
(f) "Tax year" or "taxable year" means the fiscal year of the state or the taxpayer's fiscal year if permission is obtained by the taxpayer from the department to use the taxpayer's fiscal year as the tax period instead.
(g) "Department" means the department of treasury.
(h) "Taxpayer" means a person subject to a tax under this act.
(i) "Tax" includes a tax, interest, or penalty levied under this act.
(j) "Textiles" means goods that are made of or incorporate woven or nonwoven fabric, including, but not limited to, clothing, shoes, hats, gloves, handkerchiefs, curtains, towels, sheets, pillows, pillow cases, tablecloths, napkins, aprons, linens, floor mops, floor mats, and thread. Textiles also include materials used to repair or construct textiles, or other goods used in the rental, sale, or cleaning of textiles.
(2) If the department determines that it is necessary for the efficient administration of this act to regard an unlicensed person, including a salesperson, representative, peddler, or canvasser as the agent of the dealer, distributor, supervisor, or employer under whom the unlicensed person operates or from whom the unlicensed person obtains the tangible personal property sold by the unlicensed person, irrespective of whether the unlicensed person is making sales on the unlicensed person's own behalf or on behalf of the dealer, distributor, supervisor, or employer, the department may so regard the unlicensed person and may regard the dealer, distributor, supervisor, or employer as making sales at retail at the retail price for the purposes of this act.
Sec. 1a. As used in this act:
(a) "Alcoholic beverage" means a beverage suitable for human consumption that contains 1/2 of 1% or more of alcohol by volume.
(b) "Computer" means an electronic device that accepts information in digital or similar form and manipulates it for a result based on a sequence of instructions.
(c) "Computer software" means a set of coded instructions designed to cause a computer or automatic data processing equipment to perform a task.
(d) "Delivered electronically" means delivered from the seller to the purchaser by means other than tangible storage media.
(e) "Delivery charges" means charges by the seller for preparation and delivery to a location designated by the purchaser of tangible personal property or services. Delivery charges include, but are not limited to, transportation, shipping, postage, handling, crating, and packing. Beginning September 1, 2004, delivery charges do not include the charges for delivery of direct mail if the charges are separately stated on an invoice or similar billing document given to the purchaser. If a shipment includes both exempt property and taxable property, the seller shall allocate the delivery charge using 1 of the following methods:
(i) Multiply the delivery price by a fraction, the numerator of which is the total sales prices of the taxable property and the denominator of which is the total sales prices of all property in the shipment.
(ii) Multiply the delivery price by a fraction, the numerator of which is the total weight of the taxable property and the denominator of which is the total weight of all property in the shipment.
(f) "Dietary supplement" means any product, other than tobacco, intended to supplement the diet that is all of the following:
(i) Required to be labeled as a dietary supplement identifiable by the "supplemental facts" box found on the label as required by 21 CFR 101.36.
(ii) Contains 1 or more of the following dietary ingredients:
(A) A vitamin.
(B) A mineral.
(C) An herb or other botanical.
(D) An amino acid.
(E) A dietary substance for use by humans to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake.
(F) A concentrate, metabolite, constituent, extract, or combination of any ingredient listed in sub-subparagraphs (A) through (E).
(iii) Intended for ingestion in tablet, capsule, powder, softgel, gelcap, or liquid form, or if not intended for ingestion in 1 of those forms, is not represented as conventional food or for use as a sole item of a meal or of the diet.
(g) "Direct mail" means printed material delivered or distributed by United States mail or other delivery service to a mass audience or to addressees on a mailing list provided by the purchaser or at the direction of the purchaser when the cost of the items are not billed directly to the recipients, including tangible personal property supplied directly or indirectly by the purchaser to the direct mail seller for inclusion in the package containing the printed material, but not including multiple items of printed material delivered to a single address.
(h) "Drug" means a compound, substance, or preparation, or any component of a compound, substance, or preparation, other than food or food ingredients, dietary supplements, or alcoholic beverages, intended for human use that is 1 or more of the following:
(i) Recognized in the official United States pharmacopoeia, official homeopathic pharmacopoeia of the United States, or official national formulary, or in any of their supplements.
(ii) Intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease.
(iii) Intended to affect the structure or any function of the body.
(i) "Durable medical equipment" means equipment for home use, other than mobility enhancing equipment, dispensed pursuant to a prescription, including durable medical equipment repair or replacement parts, that does all of the following:
(i) Can withstand repeated use.
(ii) Is primarily and customarily used to serve a medical purpose.
(iii) Is not useful generally to a person in the absence of illness or injury.
(iv) Is not worn in or on the body.
(j) "Durable medical equipment repair or replacement parts" includes all components or attachments used in conjunction with durable medical equipment.
(k) "Electronic" means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities.
(l) "Lease or rental" means any transfer of possession or control of tangible personal property for a fixed or indeterminate term for consideration and may include future options to purchase or extend. This definition applies only to leases and rentals entered into after September 1, 2004 and has no retroactive impact on leases and rentals that existed on that date. Lease or rental does not include the following subparagraphs (i) through (iii) and includes subparagraph (iv):
(i) A transfer of possession or control of tangible personal property under a security agreement or deferred payment plan that requires the transfer of title upon completion of the required payments.
(ii) A transfer of possession or control of tangible personal property under an agreement requiring transfer of title upon completion of the required payments and payment of an option price that does not exceed $100.00 or 1% of the total required payments, whichever is greater.
(iii) The provision of tangible personal property along with an operator for a fixed or indeterminate period of time, where that operator is necessary for the equipment to perform as designed. To be necessary, an operator must do more than maintain, inspect, or set up the tangible personal property.
(iv) An agreement covering motor vehicles or trailers if the amount of consideration may be increased or decreased by reference to the amount realized upon sale or disposition of the property as defined in section 7701(h)(1) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 7701.
(m) "Mobility enhancing equipment" means equipment, other than durable medical equipment or a motor vehicle or equipment on a motor vehicle normally provided by a motor vehicle manufacturer, dispensed pursuant to a prescription, including repair or replacement parts for that equipment, that is all of the following:
(i) Primarily and customarily used to provide or increase the ability to move from 1 place to another and is appropriate for use at home or on a motor vehicle.
(ii) Not generally used by a person with normal mobility.
(n) "Prescription" means an order, formula, or recipe, issued in any form of oral, written, electronic, or other means of transmission by a licensed physician or other health professional as defined in section 3501 of the insurance code of1956, 1956 PA 218, MCL 500.3501. For a hearing aid, prescription includes an order, instruction, or direction of a hearing aid dealer or salesperson licensed under article 13 of the occupational code, 1980 PA 299, MCL 339.1301 to339.1309.
(o) "Prewritten computer software" means computer software, including prewritten upgrades, that is delivered by any means and that is not designed and developed by the author or other creator to the specifications of a specific purchaser. Prewritten computer software includes the following:
(i) Any combination of 2 or more prewritten computer software programs or portions of prewritten computer software programs.
(ii) Computer software designed and developed by the author or other creator to the specifications of a specific purchaser if it is sold to a person other than that specific purchaser.
(iii) The modification or enhancement of prewritten computer software or portions of prewritten computer software where the modification or enhancement is designed and developed to the specifications of a specific purchaser unless there is a reasonable, separately stated charge or an invoice or other statement of the price is given to the purchaser for the modification or enhancement. If a person other than the original author or creator modifies or enhances prewritten computer software, that person is considered to be the author or creator of only that person's modifications or enhancements.
(p) "Prosthetic device" means a replacement, corrective, or supportive device, other than contact lenses and dental prosthesis, dispensed pursuant to a prescription, including repair or replacement parts for that device, worn on or in the body to do 1 or more of the following:
(i) Artificially replace a missing portion of the body.
(ii) Prevent or correct a physical deformity or malfunction of the body.
(iii) Support a weak or deformed portion of the body.
(q) "Tangible personal property" means personal property that can be seen, weighed, measured, felt, or touched or that is in any other manner perceptible to the senses and includes electricity, water, gas, steam, and prewritten computer software.
(r) "Tobacco" means cigarettes, cigars, chewing or pipe tobacco, or any other item that contains tobacco.
Sec. 4g. (1) The following are exempt from the tax under this act:
(a) Sales of drugs for human use that can only be legally dispensed by prescription or food or food ingredients, except prepared food intended for immediate human consumption.
(b) The deposit on a returnable container for a beverage or the deposit on a carton or case that is used for returnable containers.
(c) Food or tangible personal property purchased under the federal food stamp program or meals sold by a person exempt from the tax under this act that are eligible to be purchased under the federal food stamp program.
(d) Fruit or vegetable seeds and fruit or vegetable plants if purchased at a place of business authorized to accept food stamps by the food and nutrition service of the United States department of agriculture or a place of business that has made a complete and proper application for authorization to accept food stamps but has been denied authorization and provides proof of denial to the department of treasury.
(e) Live animals purchased with the intent to be slaughtered for human consumption.
(2) Food or drink heated or cooled mechanically, electrically, or by other artificial means to an average temperature above 75 degrees Fahrenheit or below 65 degrees Fahrenheit before sale and sold from a vending machine, except milk, nonalcoholic beverages in a sealed container, and fresh fruit, is subject to the tax under this act. The tax due under this act on the sale of food or drink from a vending machine selling both taxable items and items exempt under this subsection shall be calculated under this act based on 1 of the following as determined by the taxpayer:
(a) Actual gross proceeds from sales at retail.
(b) Forty-five percent of proceeds from the sale of items subject to tax under this act or exempt from the tax levied under this act, other than from the sale of carbonated beverages.
(3) "Food and food ingredients" means substances, whether in liquid, concentrated, solid, frozen, dried, or dehydrated form, that are sold for ingestion or chewing by humans and are consumed for their taste or nutritional value. Food and food ingredients do not include alcoholic beverages and tobacco.
(4) "Prepared food" means the following:
(a) Food sold in a heated state or that is heated by the seller.
(b) Two or more food ingredients mixed or combined by the seller for sale as a single item.
(c) Food sold with eating utensils provided by the seller, including knives, forks, spoons, glasses, cups, napkins, straws, or plates, but not including a container or packaging used to transport the food.
(5) Prepared food does not include the following:
(a) Food that is only cut, repackaged, or pasteurized by the seller.
(b) Raw eggs, fish, meat, poultry, and foods containing those raw items requiring cooking by the consumer in recommendations contained in section 3-401.11 of part 3-4 of chapter 3 of the 2001 food code published by the food and drug administration of the public health service of the department of health and human services, to prevent foodborne illness.
(c) Food sold in an unheated state by weight or volume as a single item, without eating utensils.
(d) Bakery items, including bread, rolls, buns, biscuits, bagels, croissants, pastries, doughnuts, danish, cakes, tortes, pies, tarts, muffins, bars, cookies, and tortillas, sold without eating utensils.
(6) "Prepared food intended for immediate consumption" means prepared food.
Sec. 4k. (1) The sale of tangible personal property that is part of a drop shipment is exempt from the tax under this act if the taxpayer complies with the requirements of subsection (3).
(2) As used in this section, "drop shipment" means the direct delivery of tangible personal property to a purchaser in Michigan by a person who has sold the property to another person not licensed under this act but possessing a resale or exemption certificate, other written evidence of exemption authorized by another state, or any other acceptable information evidencing qualification for a resale exemption, for resale to the Michigan purchaser.
(3) For each transaction for which an exemption is claimed under subsection (1), the taxpayer shall provide, but not more frequently than annually, any information required by the board under the streamlined sales and use tax agreement in addition to the following information in a form prescribed by the department to the department:
(a) The name, address, and, if readily available, the federal taxpayer identification number of the person to whom the property is sold for resale.
(b) The name, address, and, if readily available, the federal taxpayer identification number of the person to whom the property is shipped in Michigan.
(4) A sale at retail includes a drop shipment.
Sec. 4bb. (1) Beginning January 1, 2005, the sale of an eligible automobile to a qualified recipient by a qualified organization that is subject to the tax under this act is exempt.
(2) As used in this section:
(a) "Eligible automobile" means an automobile that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) The automobile has been inspected by a mechanic certified under the motor vehicle service and repair act, 1974 PA 300, MCL 257.1301 to 257.1340.
(ii) The automobile is insured as required under state law.
(iii) The automobile is registered to a qualified recipient.
(b) "Qualified organization" means an organization that applies for certification not later than July 1 of the year in which an exemption is claimed under this section and is certified by the department of treasury as meeting all of the following requirements:
(i) The organization is exempt from taxation under section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 501.
(ii) The organization is licensed under the charitable organizations and solicitations act, 1975 PA 169, MCL 400.271 to 400.294.
(iii) The organization administers a program to provide a qualified recipient with an eligible automobile for transportation to his or her place of employment or for employment-related activities.
(c) "Qualified recipient" means a person certified by a qualified organization as meeting all of the following qualifications:
(i) The qualified recipient receives or, if he or she applied, would be eligible to receive public assistance through a program created and administered under the social welfare act, 1939 PA 280, MCL 400.1 to 400.119b.
(ii) The qualified recipient has a valid Michigan operator's or chauffeur's license.
(iii) The qualified recipient is financially capable of meeting any loan payment, insurance payment, or other expenditure associated with the eligible vehicle.
(iv) Public transportation is not reasonably available to the qualified recipient, the qualified recipient has no other reliable means by which to commute to his or her place of employment, and the qualified recipient will use the eligible vehicle as his or her primary means of transportation to commute to and from his or her place of employment.
(v) The qualified recipient has a demonstrated ability to maintain employment.
(vi) If the qualified recipient is currently employed for not less than an average of 20 hours per week, the qualified recipient requires an automobile to retain his or her current employment or to accept a verified offer of employment in a position that is demonstrably superior to his or her current position of employment.
(vii) If the qualified recipient is not currently employed or is employed for less than an average of 20 hours per week, the qualified recipient requires an automobile to accept a verified offer of employment of not less than an average of 20hours per week and cannot begin employment in that position without an automobile.
Sec. 12. (1) If an exemption from the tax under this act is claimed, the seller shall obtain identifying information of the purchaser and the reason for claiming the exemption at the time of the purchase or at a later date. The seller shall obtain the same information for a claimed exemption regardless of the medium in which the transaction occurred.
(2) A seller shall use a standard format for claiming an exemption electronically as adopted by the governing board under the streamlined sales and use tax agreement.
(3) A purchaser is not required to provide a signature to claim an exemption under this act unless a paper exemption form is used.
(4) A seller shall maintain a proper record of all exempt transactions and shall provide the record if requested by the department.
(5) A seller who complies with the requirements of this section is not liable for the tax if a purchaser improperly claims an exemption. A purchaser who improperly claims an exemption is liable for the tax due under this act. This subsection does not apply if a seller fraudulently fails to collect the tax, solicits a purchaser to make an improper claim for exemption, or accepts an exemption form when the purchaser claims an entity-based exemption if both of the following circumstances occur:
(a) The subject of the transaction sought to be covered by the exemption form is actually received by the purchaser at a location operated by the seller.
(b) The state in which that location operated by the seller is located provides an exemption form that clearly and affirmatively indicates that the claimed exemption is not available in that state.
(6) A seller who obtains a fully completed exemption form or captures the relevant data elements as outlined in this section within 120 days after the date of sale is not liable for the tax.
(7) If the seller has not obtained an exemption form or all relevant data elements, the seller may either prove that the transaction was not subject to tax by other means or obtain a fully completed exemption form from the purchaser, by the later of the following:
(a) 120 days after a request by the department.
(b) The date an assessment becomes final.
(c) The denial of a claim for refund.
(d) In the instance of a credit audit, the issuance of an audit determination letter or informal conference decision and order of determination.
(e) The date of a final order of the court of claims or the Michigan tax tribunal, as applicable, with respect to an assessment, order, or decision of the department.
(8) The department may, in its discretion, allow a seller additional time to comply with subsection (7).
(9) A seller is not liable for the tax if the seller obtains a blanket exemption form for a purchaser with which the seller has a recurring business relationship. Renewals of blanket exemption forms or updates of exemption form information or data elements are not required if there is a recurring business relationship between the seller and the purchaser. For purposes of this section, a recurring business relationship exists when a period of not more than 12months elapses between sales transactions.
(10) A certified service provider shall be considered a seller under this section. As used in this section, "certified service provider" means that term as defined in section 25 of the streamlined sales and use tax administration act, 2004 PA 174, MCL 205.825.
Sec. 18. (1) A person liable for any tax imposed under this act shall keep accurate and complete beginning and annual inventory and purchase records of additions to inventory, complete daily sales records, receipts, invoices, bills of lading, and all pertinent documents in a form the department requires. If an exemption from the tax under this act is claimed by a person because the sale is for resale at retail, a record shall be kept of the sales tax license number if the person has a sales tax license. These records shall be retained for a period of 4 years after the tax imposed under this act to which the records apply is due or as otherwise provided by law.
(2) If the department considers it necessary, the department may require a person, by notice served upon that person, to make a return, render under oath certain statements, or keep certain records the department considers sufficient to show whether or not that person is liable for the tax under this act.
(3) A person knowingly making a sale of tangible personal property for the purpose of resale at retail to another person not licensed under this act is liable for the tax under this act unless the transaction is exempt under the provisions of section 4k.
(4) If the taxpayer fails to file a return or to maintain or preserve proper records as prescribed in this section, or the department has reason to believe that any records maintained or returns filed are inaccurate or incomplete and that additional taxes are due, the department may assess the amount of the tax due from the taxpayer based on information that is available or that may become available to the department. That assessment is considered prima facie correct for the purpose of this act and the burden of proof of refuting the assessment is upon the taxpayer.
(5) If all the information is maintained as provided under section 12, an exemption certificate is not required for an exemption claim by the following:
(a) A person licensed by the Michigan liquor control commission as a wholesaler for purposes of sales of alcoholic liquor to another person licensed by the Michigan liquor control commission. As used in this subsection, "alcoholic liquor", "authorized distribution agent", and "wholesaler" mean those terms as defined in the Michigan liquor control code of 1998, 1998 PA 58, MCL 436.1101 to 436.2303.
(b) The Michigan liquor control commission or a person certified by the commission as an authorized distribution agent for purposes of the sale and distribution of alcoholic liquor to a person licensed by the Michigan liquor control commission.
(6) For purposes of this act, a blanket exemption claim covers all exempt transfers between the taxpayer and the buyer for a period of 4 years or for a period of less than 4 years as stated on the blanket exemption claim if that period is agreed to by the buyer and taxpayer. Renewal of a blanket exemption claim or an update of exemption claim information or data elements is not required if there is a recurring business relationship between the seller and the purchaser. For purposes of this subsection, a recurring business relationship exists when a period of not more than 12months elapses between sales transactions.
Sec. 21. (1) A purchaser of direct mail other than a holder of a direct pay permit under section 8 of the use tax act, 1937 PA 94, MCL 205.98, shall provide to the seller at the time of purchase either an exemption form as prescribed by the department or information indicating the taxing jurisdictions to which the direct mail is delivered to recipients.
(2) Upon receipt of the exemption form, the seller is relieved of all obligation to collect, pay, or remit the applicable tax and the purchaser is then obligated to pay the applicable tax on a direct pay basis.
(3) An exemption form remains in effect for all subsequent sales of direct mail by the seller to the purchaser until revoked in writing.
(4) Upon receipt of information from the purchaser indicating the taxing jurisdictions to which the direct mail is delivered to recipients, the seller shall collect the tax according to that delivery information. In the absence of bad faith, the seller is relieved of any further obligation to collect the tax if the seller collected the tax using the delivery information provided by the purchaser.
(5) If the purchaser does not have a direct pay permit and does not provide the seller with an exemption form or delivery information as required in subsection (1), the seller shall collect the tax in the same manner as provided in section 19. Nothing in this subsection limits a purchaser's obligation for the tax under this act.
(6) A purchaser who provides the seller with documentation of a direct pay permit is not required to provide an exemption form or delivery information.
Enacting section 1. Sections 17 and 20 of the general sales tax act, 1933 PA 167, MCL 205.67 and 205.70, are repealed.
This act is ordered to take immediate effect.
Clerk of the House of Representatives
Secretary of the Senate
Approved
Governor